ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2012
Immunity to the conserved influenza nucleoprotein reduces susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- B7 Family Molecule VSIG4 Regulates Pulmonary Anti-Influenza Immune Responses via C-Type Lectin Signal Pathway.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Analysis of polyclonal and monoclonal antibody to the influenza virus nucleoprotein in different oligomeric states.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Live Influenza Vaccine Provides Early Protection against Homologous and Heterologous Influenza and May Prevent Post-Influenza Pneumococcal Infections in Mice.Microorganisms · 2022Article
- Virus-Induced Changes of the Respiratory Tract Environment Promote Secondary Infections WithFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- Vaccination mitigates influenza-induced muscular declines in aged mice.GeroScience · 2020Article
- A Narrative Review of COVID-19: The New Pandemic Disease.Iranian journal of medical sciences · 2020Review
- Gentamicin Induced Microbiome Adaptations Associate With Increased BCAA Levels and Enhance Severity of Influenza Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Vital Members in the More Dysbiotic Oropharyngeal Microbiotas in H7N9-Infected Patients.Frontiers in medicine · 2020Article
- The impact of aging on CD4Biogerontology · 2018Review
- Attenuation of Influenza A Virus Disease Severity by Viral Coinfection in a Mouse Model.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Disordered oropharyngeal microbial communities in H7N9 patients with or without secondary bacterial lung infection.Emerging microbes & infections · 2017Article
- Panel 6: Vaccines.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2017Review
- Article
- Article
- Evaluation in Mouse Model of Combined Virus-bacterial Vaccine Based on Attenuated Influenza A(H7N3) Virus and the Group B Streptococcus Recombinant Polypeptides.The open microbiology journal · 2016Article
- Limited Efficacy of Antibacterial Vaccination Against Secondary Serotype 3 Pneumococcal Pneumonia Following Influenza Infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2015Article
- Influenza-induced type I interferon enhances susceptibility to gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial pneumonia in mice.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2015Article
- Article
- Nonneutralizing functional antibodies: a new "old" paradigm for HIV vaccines.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2014Review
- Genesis and pathogenesis of the 1918 pandemic H1N1 influenza A virus.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Influenza causes >250,000 deaths annually in the industrialized world, and bacterial infections frequently cause secondary illnesses during influenza outbreaks, including pneumonia, bronchitis, sinusitis, and otitis media. In this study, we demonstrate that cross-reactive immunity to mismatched influenza strains can reduce susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections, even though this fails to prevent influenza infection. Specifically, infecting mice with H3N2 influenza before challenging with mismatched H1N1 influenza reduces susceptibility to either Gram-positive Streptococcus pneumoniae or Gram-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae. Vaccinating mice with the highly conserved nucleoprotein of influenza also reduces H1N1-induced susceptibility to lethal bacterial infections. Both T cells and Abs contribute to defense against influenza-induced bacterial diseases; influenza cross-reactive T cells reduce viral titers, whereas Abs to nucleoprotein suppress induction of inflammation in the lung. These findings suggest that nonneutralizing influenza vaccines that fail to prevent influenza infection may nevertheless protect the public from secondary bacterial diseases when neutralizing vaccines are not available.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.