ReviewThe Journal of physiology2012
Blood pressure and water regulation: understanding sex hormone effects within and between men and women.
Review in The Journal of physiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03236545 (Mechanisms of Vascular Dysfunction in Women), which is not on this map. Cited by 47 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Mechanisms of Vascular Dysfunction in Women: Role of Estradiol
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Four-week intranasal oxytocin administration reduces attachment avoidance in older women.Hormones and behavior · 2023Trial
- Increased Cardiac Workload in the Upright Posture in Men: Noninvasive Hemodynamics in Men Versus Women.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2016Trial
- Associations of Reproductive Factors With Hypertension Prevalence and Blood Pressure Levels in Female Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2026Article
- Endogenous and exogenous determinants of sex differences in blood pressure.NPJ cardiovascular health · 2026Review
- Sex-specific hypothalamic PVN transcriptomic signatures of blood pressure autonomic regulation and neuroinflammation in hypertension.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Putative sympathetic-predominant subtype in body-first Parkinson's disease is associated with accelerated cognitive decline.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Molecular remodeling of the myocardium in mice with melanocortin-4 receptor deletion before cardiac function impairment.PloS one · 2026Article
- Hormonal milieu influences whole-brain structural dynamics across the menstrual cycle using dense sampling in multiple individuals.Nature neuroscience · 2025Article
- Sex-related differences among patients with reflex neurally mediated syncope.Internal and emergency medicine · 2025Article
- Elevated blood pressure, stroke volume, and vascular tone in young women who use oral contraception.International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology · 2025Article
- Daily sodium intake and constipation in US adult males: an uncommon negative association revealed by national health and nutrition examination survey data from the United States (2005-2010).BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Guidelines on the use of sex and gender in cardiovascular research.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2024Review
- International society of sports nutrition position stand: nutritional concerns of the female athlete.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2023Review
- Associations of blood lead, cadmium, and mercury with resistant hypertension among adults in NHANES, 1999-2018.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Associations between hydration status, body composition, sociodemographic and lifestyle factors in the general population: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Posture-Related Differences in Cardiovascular Function Between Young Men and Women: Study of Noninvasive Hemodynamics in Rural Malawi.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Article
- The sympathies of the body: functional organization and neuronal differentiation in the peripheral sympathetic nervous system.Cell and tissue research · 2021Review
- Differential influences of dietary sodium on blood pressure regulation based on race and sex.Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical · 2021Review
- Does Each Menstrual Cycle Elicit a Distinct Effect on Olfactory and Gustatory Perception?Nutrients · 2021Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death for both men and women. Hypertension is less prevalent in young women compared with young men, but menopausal women are at greater risk for hypertension compared with men of similar age. Despite these risks, women do not consistently receive first line treatment for the early stages of hypertension, and the greater morbidity in menopause reflects this neglect. This review focuses on ovarian hormone effects on the cardiovascular and water regulatory systems that are associated with blood pressure control in women. The study of ovarian hormones within young women is complex because these hormones fluctuate across the menstrual cycle, and these fluctuations can complicate conclusions regarding sex differences. To better isolate the effects of oestrogen and progesterone on the cardiovascular and water regulation systems, we developed a model to transiently suppress reproductive function followed by controlled hormone administration. Sex differences in autonomic regulation of blood pressure appear related to ovarian hormone exposure, and these hormonal differences contribute to sex differences in hypertension and orthostatic tolerance. Oestrogen and progesterone exposure are also associated with plasma volume expansion, and a leftward shift in the osmotic operating point for body fluid regulation. In young, healthy women, the shift in osmoregulation appears to have only a minor effect on overall body water balance. Our overarching conclusion is that ovarian hormone exposure is the important underlying factor contributing to differences in blood pressure and water regulation between women and men, and within women throughout the lifespan.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.