ArticleJournal of pain and symptom management2013
Using a morphine equivalence metric to quantify opioid consumption: examining the capacity to provide effective treatment of debilitating pain at the global, regional, and country levels.
Article in Journal of pain and symptom management, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prolonged-Release Oxycodone/Naloxone Improves Anal Sphincter Relaxation Compared to Oxycodone Plus Macrogol 3350.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2017Trial
- Responsible AI for safer opioid risk management in older adults.npj health systems · 2026Article
- Epidemiology of cancer-related pain in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies from 2001 to 2024.SAGE open medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Identifying risk factors for opioid-induced neurotoxicity in cancer patients receiving oxycodone.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2023Article
- Preoperative Pericapsular Nerve Group Block Results in Less Pain, Decreased Narcotic Use, and Quicker Discharge Time Than No Block in Patients Who Were Surgically Treated for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome.Arthroscopy, sports medicine, and rehabilitation · 2022Article
- Global, regional, and national consumption of controlled opioids: a cross-sectional study of 214 countries and non-metropolitan territories.British journal of pain · 2022Article
- Pain Management Strategies After Orthopaedic Trauma: A Mixed-Methods Study with a View to Optimizing Practices.Journal of pain research · 2022Article
- Potential significance of medicinal plants in forensic analysis: A review.Saudi journal of biological sciences · 2021Review
- From Silos to Solidarity: Case Study of a Patient-Centered, Integrative Approach to Opioid Tapering and Chronic Pain Mitigation in a Multidisciplinary AIDS Clinic.Journal of AIDS and HIV treatment · 2021Article
- Ten Years of Strong Opioid Analgesics Consumption in Malaysia and Other Southeast Asian Countries.Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences · 2020Article
- Relation between opioid consumption and inclusion of opioids in 137 national essential medicines lists.BMJ global health · 2020Article
- Physical Therapy for Chronic Pain Mitigation and Opioid Use Reduction Among People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Atlanta, GA: A Descriptive Case Series.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2020Article
- Intra-articular Administration of Tranexamic Acid Has No Effect in Reducing Intra-articular Hemarthrosis and Postoperative Pain After Primary ACL Reconstruction Using a Quadruple Hamstring Graft: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2020Article
- Global palliative radiotherapy: a framework to improve access in resource-constrained settings.Annals of palliative medicine · 2019Review
- Post-Discharge Opioid Prescribing Patterns and Risk Factors in Patients Undergoing Elective Colon and Rectal Surgery Without Complications.Journal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract · 2019Article
- Feasibility of a tapering opioids prescription program for trauma patients at high risk of chronic consumption (TOPP-trauma): protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2019Article
- Quantifying the Adequacy of Opioid Analgesic Consumption Globally: An Updated Method and Early Findings.American journal of public health · 2019Article
- Opiate Pain Medication Consumption in Cigarette Smokers following Total Hip Arthroplasty.Joints · 2018Article
- Patterns and trends in long-term opioid use for non-cancer pain in British Columbia, 2005-2012.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
contextMorphine has been considered the gold standard for treating moderate-to-severe pain, although many new opioid products and formulations have been marketed in the last two decades and should be considered when examining opioid consumption. Understanding opioid consumption is improved by using an equianalgesic measure that controls for the strengths of all examined opioids.
objectivesThe research objective was to use a morphine equivalence (ME) metric to determine the extent that morphine consumption relates to the total consumption of all other study opioids.
methodsAn ME metric was created for morphine and the aggregate consumption of each study opioid (Total ME), adjusted for country population to allow for uniform equianalgesic comparisons. Graphical and statistical evaluations of morphine use and Total ME consumption trends (between 1980 and 2009) were made for the global and geographic regional levels and selected developed and developing countries.
resultsGlobal morphine consumption rose dramatically in the early 1980s but has been significantly outpaced by Total ME since 1996. As expected, the extent of morphine and Total ME consumption varied notably among regions, with the Americas, Europe, and Oceania regions accounting for the highest morphine use and Total ME in 2009. Developing and least developed countries, compared with developed countries, demonstrated lower overall Total ME consumption.
conclusionGenerally, worldwide morphine use has not increased at the rate of Total ME, especially in recent years. Examining a country's ability to effectively manage moderate-to-severe pain should extend beyond morphine to account for all available potent opioids.
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