ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry2012
Bacillus anthracis thioredoxin systems, characterization and role as electron donors for ribonucleotide reductase.
Article in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Conformational landscapes of a class I ribonucleotide reductase complex during turnover reveal intrinsic dynamics and asymmetry.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Thiol Reductases inAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Structural and Biochemical Characterization of Thioredoxin-2 fromAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Thioredoxin reductase from Bacillus cereus exhibits distinct reduction and NADPH-binding properties.FEBS open bio · 2021Article
- Evaluation of metal-based antimicrobial compounds for the treatment of bacterial pathogens.Journal of medical microbiology · 2021Review
- Genomic characterization of three novel Basilisk-like phages infecting Bacillus anthracis.BMC genomics · 2018Article
- Unprecedented pathway of reducing equivalents in a diflavin-linked disulfide oxidoreductase.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Article
- EthA/R-Independent Killing ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
- Development of ebsulfur analogues as potent antibacterials against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry · 2016Article
- Comparative Roles of the Two Helicobacter pylori Thioredoxins in Preventing Macromolecule Damage.Infection and immunity · 2015Article
- Regulating the Intersection of Metabolism and Pathogenesis in Gram-positive Bacteria.Microbiology spectrum · 2015Review
- Semiquinone-induced maturation of Bacillus anthracis ribonucleotide reductase by a superoxide intermediate.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2014Article
- Glutaredoxin 2 reduces both thioredoxin 2 and thioredoxin 1 and protects cells from apoptosis induced by auranofin and 4-hydroxynonenal.Antioxidants & redox signaling · 2014Article
- NrdH Redoxin enhances resistance to multiple oxidative stresses by acting as a peroxidase cofactor in Corynebacterium glutamicum.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2014Article
- Streptococcus sanguinis class Ib ribonucleotide reductase: high activity with both iron and manganese cofactors and structural insights.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2014Article
- Thioredoxin and glutaredoxin-mediated redox regulation of ribonucleotide reductase.World journal of biological chemistry · 2014Review
- Bacillus subtilis class Ib ribonucleotide reductase: high activity and dynamic subunit interactions.Biochemistry · 2014Article
- Ebsulfur is a benzisothiazolone cytocidal inhibitor targeting the trypanothione reductase of Trypanosoma brucei.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2013Article
- NrdH-redoxin of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Corynebacterium glutamicum dimerizes at high protein concentration and exclusively receives electrons from thioredoxin reductase.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2013Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bacillus anthracis is the causative agent of anthrax, which is associated with a high mortality rate. Like several medically important bacteria, B. anthracis lacks glutathione but encodes many genes annotated as thioredoxins, thioredoxin reductases, and glutaredoxin-like proteins. We have cloned, expressed, and characterized three potential thioredoxins, two potential thioredoxin reductases, and three glutaredoxin-like proteins. Of these, thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) and NrdH reduced insulin, 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB), and the manganese-containing type Ib ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) from B. anthracis in the presence of NADPH and thioredoxin reductase 1 (TR1), whereas thioredoxin 2 (Trx2) could only reduce DTNB. Potential TR2 was verified as an FAD-containing protein reducible by dithiothreitol but not by NAD(P)H. The recently discovered monothiol bacillithiol did not work as a reductant for RNR, either directly or via any of the redoxins. The catalytic efficiency of Trx1 was 3 and 20 times higher than that of Trx2 and NrdH, respectively, as substrates for TR1. Additionally, the catalytic efficiency of Trx1 as an electron donor for RNR was 7-fold higher than that of NrdH. In extracts of B. anthracis, Trx1 was responsible for almost all of the disulfide reductase activity, whereas Western blots showed that the level of Trx1 was 15 and 60 times higher than that of Trx2 and NrdH, respectively. Our findings demonstrate that the most important general disulfide reductase system in B. anthracis is TR1/Trx1 and that Trx1 is the physiologically relevant electron donor for RNR. This information may provide a basis for the development of novel antimicrobial therapies targeting this severe pathogen.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.