ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2012
Medicinal and recreational marijuana use among HIV-infected women in the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) cohort, 1994-2010.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Association Between Marijuana Use and HIV Continuum of Care Outcomes: a Systematic Review.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2019Pooled it
- Limited Impact of Cannabidiol on Health-related Quality of Life of People With Long-term Controlled HIV: A Double-blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Daily and near-daily cannabis use is associated with HIV viral load suppression in people living with HIV who use cocaine.AIDS care · 2021Trial
- Exploring the HIV continuum of care among young black MSM.PloS one · 2017Trial
- Pregnancy and postpartum cannabis and alcohol use among people with HIV in the United States.Pregnancy (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Neuroimmune Correlates of HIV and Marijuana Use: Peripheral Biomarkers and Cognitive Function.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Article
- Beyond the high: exploring socioecological influences on cannabis use in older women with and without HIV.The Gerontologist · 2025Article
- Sex differences in the capacity of minor phytocannabinoids to attenuate nociceptive insults in HIV-1 Tat-expressing mice.NeuroImmune pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Article
- Patterns of Cannabis Use among Women With HIV in the United States.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Cannabis Use in HIV: Impact on Inflammation, Immunity and the Microbiome.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2025Review
- Cannabis Use and Biomarkers of Inflammation, Immune Activation, and Microbial Translocation in Persons with HIV.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2024Article
- Changes in frequency of cannabis use among people with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multi-methods study to explore the underlying reasons for change.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2023Article
- Disentangling Medicinal and Recreational cannabis Use Among People Living with HIV: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- The impact of cannabinoids on inflammasome signaling in HIV-1 infection.NeuroImmune pharmacology and therapeutics · 2023Review
- Marijuana Use and Health Outcomes in Persons Living With HIV: Protocol for the Marijuana Associated Planning and Long-term Effects (MAPLE) Longitudinal Cohort Study.JMIR research protocols · 2022Article
- Self-Reported Cannabis Use and HIV Viral Control among Patients with HIV Engaged in Care: Results from a National Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- HCV cure: an appropriate moment to reduce cannabis use in people living with HIV? (ANRS CO13 HEPAVIH data).AIDS research and therapy · 2022Article
- HIV infection is linked with reduced error-related default mode network suppression and poorer medication management abilities.Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2021Article
- Marijuana, Opioid, and Alcohol Use Among Pregnant and Postpartum Individuals Living With HIV in the US.JAMA network open · 2021Article
- The neurocognitive effects of a past cannabis use disorder in a diverse sample of people living with HIV.AIDS care · 2021Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDespite the major benefits of effective antiretroviral therapy on HIV-related survival, there is an ongoing need to help alleviate medication side effects related to antiretroviral therapy use. Initial studies suggest that marijuana use may reduce HIV-related symptoms, but medical marijuana use among HIV-infected individuals has not been well described.
methodsThe authors evaluated trends in marijuana use and reported motivations for use among 2776 HIV-infected women in the Women's Interagency HIV Study between October 1994 and March 2010. Predictors of any and daily marijuana use were explored in multivariate logistic regression models clustered by person using generalized estimating equation. In 2009, participants were asked if their marijuana use was medical, "meaning prescribed by a doctor," or recreational, or both.
resultsOver the 16 years of this study, the prevalence of current marijuana use decreased significantly from 21% to 14%. In contrast, daily marijuana use almost doubled from 3.3% to 6.1% of all women and from 18% to 51% of current marijuana users. Relaxation, appetite improvement, reduction of HIV-related symptoms, and social use were reported as common reasons for marijuana use. In 2009, most marijuana users reported either purely medicinal use (26%) or both medicinal and recreational usage (29%). Daily marijuana use was associated with higher CD4 cell count, quality of life, and older age. Demographic characteristics and risk behaviors were associated with current marijuana use overall but were not predictors of daily use.
conclusionsThis study suggests that both recreational and medicinal marijuana use are relatively common among HIV-infected women in the United States.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.