ReviewIslets
The microbiology of human hygiene and its impact on type 1 diabetes.
Review in Islets. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Changing Epidemiology of Type 1 Diabetes: A Global Perspective.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Review
- Recent advances in early diagnosis and treatment of T1D with miRNAs.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Breakdown and Repair of Peripheral Immune Tolerance in Type 1 Diabetes.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2024Review
- Article
- Antibiotics in the pathogenesis of diabetes and inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2023Review
- Prior immune exposure can protect or can enhance pathology in the enteroviruses: what predicts the outcome?Virulence · 2017Article
- Using spatio-temporal surveillance data to test the infectious environment of children before type 1 diabetes diagnosis.PloS one · 2017Article
- A new perspective on mechanisms governing skeletal complications in type 1 diabetes.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2016Review
- Association of environmental markers with childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus revealed by a long questionnaire on early life exposures and lifestyle in a case-control study.BMC public health · 2016Article
- Type I diabetes mellitus: genetic factors and presumptive enteroviral etiology or protection.Journal of pathogens · 2014Review
- Organ-based response to exercise in type 1 diabetes.ISRN endocrinology · 2012Article
- IMPLICATION OF GUT MICROBIOTA IN DIABETES MELLITUS AND OBESITY.Acta endocrinologica (Bucharest, Romania : 2005)Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D), as with several other autoimmune diseases and conditions, began to notably rise in the latter half of the last century. Most cases of T1D are not solely attributable to genetics and therefore, environmental influences are proposed to account for the difference. Humans live today in general under much more hygienic conditions than their ancestors. Although human enteroviruses (HEV) have been strongly implicated as causative environmental agents of T1D, recent work has shown that the bacterial genera in the gut of diabetics compared with non-diabetics, can vary significantly. Here, we consider these data in light of our non-hygienic human past in order to discuss a possible relationship between the resident bacterial biome and acute infectious events by HEV, suggesting how this may have influenced T1D incidences in the past and the risk for developing T1D today.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.