Trial reportObstetrics and gynecology2012
Negative predictive value of pap testing: implications for screening intervals for women with human immunodeficiency virus.
Trial report in Obstetrics and gynecology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- PAP Test Versus Colposcopy for Cervical Cancer Screening in HIV-Seropositive Women: A Case-Control Study.Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology of India · 2024Article
- Risk of High-Grade Cervical Lesions in Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance (ASC-US) Cytology: Comparison between HIV-Infected and HIV-Negative Women.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2021Article
- HIV and development of epithelial cell abnormalities in women with prior normal cervical cytology in Nigeria.Infectious agents and cancer · 2020Article
- Patterns of repeated anal cytology results among HIV-positive and HIV-negative men who have sex with men.Papillomavirus research (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2018Article
- Cervical cancer screening intervals and management for women living with HIV: a risk benchmarking approach.AIDS (London, England) · 2017Article
- Screening for Cancer in Persons Living with HIV Infection.Trends in cancer · 2016Review
- Screening for Cervical Cancer and Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among HIV-Infected Women.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2016Article
- Cervical Precancer Risk in HIV-Infected Women Who Test Positive for Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus Despite a Normal Pap Test.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2015Article
- Incidence of cervical precancers among HIV-seropositive women.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2015Article
- Screening for Human Papillomavirus-Associated Cervical Disease in HIV-Infected Women.Topics in antiviral medicineReview
- Cervical Cancer and Cervical Cancer Screening in Women with HIV in Guangxi, China: A Model Simulation Study.MDM policy & practiceArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the accuracy of Pap testing for women who are human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive, with a focus on negative predictive value.
methodsParticipants in the Women's Interagency HIV Study were monitored with conventional Pap tests every 6 months. After excluding those with abnormal Pap test results before study, cervical disease, or hysterectomy, women with negative enrollment Pap test results were monitored for development of precancer within 15 or 39 months, defined as a Pap test result read as high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, atypical glandular cells favor neoplasia, or adenocarcinoma in situ, or a cervical biopsy read as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 or worse. Correlations between one or more consecutive negative Pap test results and subsequent precancer were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models.
resultsAmong 942 HIV-infected women with negative baseline Pap test results, eight (1%) developed precancer within 15 months and 40 (4%) within 39 months. After three consecutive negative Pap test results, precancer was rare, with no cases within 15 months and 10 of 539 (2%) within 39 months. No women developed precancer or cancer within 39 months after 10 consecutive negative Pap test results. Risks for precancer within 15 months after negative Pap test result included current smoking (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2-2.0 compared with nonsmokers), younger age (adjusted HR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1-2.1 for women aged younger than 31 years compared with older than 45 years), and lower CD4 count (adjusted HR 11.8, 95% CI 1.3-2.3 for CD4 200-500/microliter, adjusted HR 2.2, 95% CI 1.6-2.9 for CD4 less than 200/microliter, compared with CD4 more than 500/microliter).
conclusionAnnual Pap testing appears safe for women infected with HIV; for those with serial negative tests, longer intervals are appropriate. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.