ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2012
Staphylococcal pathogenicity island interference with helper phage reproduction is a paradigm of molecular parasitism.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 130 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phage satellites induced by virulent phages are mobilized by natural competence leading to phage resistance in a new host.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Targeted elimination of Staphylococcus aureus mastitis infections with synthetic phage-based CRISPR-Cas delivery systems.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Phage-bacteria dynamics: The tragedy of the commons at hyperspeed.Current biology : CB · 2025Article
- Virion content unpacked by long-read sequencing: stress-induced changes in transmitted staphylococcal mobilome due to phage-satellite interactions.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Genetics, ecology and evolution of phage satellites.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- Phage parasites targeting phage homologous recombinases provide antiviral immunity.Nature communications · 2025Article
- A phage satellite manipulates the viral DNA packaging motor to inhibit phage and promote satellite spread.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- Hijackers, hitchhikers, or co-drivers? The mysteries of mobilizable genetic elements.PLoS biology · 2024Article
- A phage satellite manipulates the viral DNA packaging motor to inhibit phage and promote satellite spread.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Anti-phage defence through inhibition of virion assembly.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Phage-inducible chromosomal minimalist islands (PICMIs), a novel family of small marine satellites of virulent phages.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Open questions in the social lives of viruses.Journal of evolutionary biology · 2023Review
- Phage-Inducible Chromosomal Islands as a Diagnostic Platform to Capture and Detect Bacterial Pathogens.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- The Battle between Bacteria and Bacteriophages: A Conundrum to Their Immune System.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Toxin-linked mobile genetic elements in major enteric bacterial pathogens.Gut microbiome (Cambridge, England) · 2023Review
- Atopic dermatitis-derivedFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Marine viral particles reveal an expansive repertoire of phage-parasitizing mobile elements.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- A phage parasite deploys a nicking nuclease effector to inhibit viral host replication.Nucleic acids research · 2022Article
- Evolutionary Dynamics between Phages and Bacteria as a Possible Approach for Designing Effective Phage Therapies against Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Phascinating Phages.Microorganisms · 2022Review
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Staphylococcal pathogenicity islands (SaPIs) carry superantigen and resistance genes and are extremely widespread in Staphylococcus aureus and in other Gram-positive bacteria. SaPIs represent a major source of intrageneric horizontal gene transfer and a stealth conduit for intergeneric gene transfer; they are phage satellites that exploit the life cycle of their temperate helper phages with elegant precision to enable their rapid replication and promiscuous spread. SaPIs also interfere with helper phage reproduction, blocking plaque formation, sharply reducing burst size and enhancing the survival of host cells following phage infection. Here, we show that SaPIs use several different strategies for phage interference, presumably the result of convergent evolution. One strategy, not described previously in the bacteriophage microcosm, involves a SaPI-encoded protein that directly and specifically interferes with phage DNA packaging by blocking the phage terminase small subunit. Another strategy involves interference with phage reproduction by diversion of the vast majority of virion proteins to the formation of SaPI-specific small infectious particles. Several SaPIs use both of these strategies, and at least one uses neither but possesses a third. Our studies illuminate a key feature of the evolutionary strategy of these mobile genetic elements, in addition to their carriage of important genes-interference with helper phage reproduction, which could ensure their transferability and long-term persistence.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.