ArticleNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2013
Patterns of dual use of snus and cigarettes in a mature snus market.
Article in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Potential for non-combustible nicotine products to reduce socioeconomic inequalities in smoking: a systematic review and synthesis of best available evidence.BMC public health · 2019Pooled it
- Systematic Review of Tobacco Use after Lung or Head/Neck Cancer Diagnosis: Results and Recommendations for Future Research.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2015Pooled it
- Assessing quit interest and the correlates and preferred ways of quitting snus in Norway: A cross-sectional study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2025Article
- How do Smokers in a Snus-Prevalent Society Consider E-cigarettes, Snus, and Nicotine Replacement Therapy Products as Relevant Replacements for Cigarettes in the Event They Should Stop Smoking?Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- A nationwide study of the incidence, prevalence and mortality of Parkinson's disease in the Norwegian population.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2022Article
- Factors associated with predictors of smoking cessation from a Norwegian internet-based smoking cessation intervention study.Tobacco prevention & cessation · 2022Article
- Snus and Alcohol: Mutually Rewarding Effects in the Brain? A Matched Controlled Population Study.Substance abuse : research and treatment · 2021Article
- The greater use of flavoured snus among ever-smokers versus never-smokers in Norway.Harm reduction journal · 2020Article
- Concurrent Daily and Non-Daily Use of Heated Tobacco Products with Combustible Cigarettes: Findings from the 2018 ITC Japan Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Alarming development of dual snus and cigarette usage among young Finnish males.BMC public health · 2019Article
- Cute as candy: a qualitative study of perceptions of snus branding and package design among youth in Norway.BMJ open · 2017Article
- Do never smokers make up an increasing share of snus users as cigarette smoking declines? Changes in smoking status among male snus users in Norway 2003-15.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2017Article
- Multiple Levels of Influence That Impact Youth Tobacco Use.Tobacco regulatory science · 2016Article
- Dual Trajectories of Cigarette Smoking and Smokeless Tobacco Use From Adolescence to Midlife Among Males in a Midwestern US Community Sample.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2016Article
- Appropriate and inappropriate methods for investigating the "gateway" hypothesis, with a review of the evidence linking prior snus use to later cigarette smoking.Harm reduction journal · 2015Review
- Dual use of smokeless tobacco or e-cigarettes with cigarettes and cessation.American journal of health behavior · 2015Article
- How has the availability of snus influenced cigarette smoking in Norway?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2014Article
- Tobacco use among Norwegian adolescents: from cigarettes to snus.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2014Article
- Nondaily smoking: a population-based, longitudinal study of stability and predictors.BMC public health · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionWe examine the prevalence of dual use of snus and cigarettes among Norwegian men by categorizing dual use into four categories according to the frequency of use of each product, considering the order of uptake of both products, and examining reasons for additional snus use. We compare dual users and exclusive cigarette smokers with respect to their smoking intensity, plans for quitting smoking, and future smoking identity.
methodsWe used a data pool of six cross-sectional, national representative surveys conducted annually in the period 2005-2010 containing a total of 3,524 males aged 16-74.
results6.8% of men had some kind of current concomitant use of snus and cigarettes--but only 1% reported a daily consumption of both products. The most typical pattern of dual use was a combination where daily use of one product was paired with occasional use of the other. Dual users consumed significantly fewer cigarettes per week (56.6; n = 226; SD, 53.82) than smokers who had either quit snus (79.6; n = 108; SD, 61.47) or single smokers with no history of snus use (80.2; n = 621; SD, 55.86). Only 24% with a history of dual use reported snus to be their first tobacco product, but the proportion who had initiated tobacco use with snus increased significantly with younger age. Among dual users with daily intake of snus, a majority of 53.6% reported that the purpose of their snus use was to quit smoking. A higher proportion of dual users (74.4%; 95% CI, 68.8-80.0; n = 235) than exclusive smokers (61.3%; 95% CI, 57.6-65.0; n = 658) reported that they most definitely or probably would be totally smoke-free 5 years into the future.
conclusionsIn the mature snus market of Norway, the magnitude of dual use of cigarettes and snus is relatively small. Dual users consume fewer cigarettes, and a higher proportion portray themselves as smoke-free in the future than do exclusive cigarette smokers.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.