ArticleMolecular and cellular biology2012
A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Pax3 axis regulates Brn-2 expression in melanoma.
Article in Molecular and cellular biology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- PAX3: A Driver of Normal Development and Disease.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- ABCB5: A Key Regulator Linking Stem Cell Plasticity, Tumor Microenvironment, and Therapy Resistance in Cutaneous Melanoma.Cancers · 2026Review
- Article
- Therapeutic targeting of anoikis resistance in cutaneous melanoma metastasis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
- Article
- Genetic Regulation of Vertebrate Forebrain Development by Homeobox Genes.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
- TBX2 controls a proproliferative gene expression program in melanoma.Genes & development · 2021Article
- BRN2 is a non-canonical melanoma tumor-suppressor.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Article
- Melanoma Plasticity: Promoter of Metastasis and Resistance to Therapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Review
- The complex relationship between MITF and the immune system: a Melanoma ImmunoTherapy (response) Factor?Molecular cancer · 2020Review
- BRN2 expression increases anoikis resistance in melanoma.Oncogenesis · 2020Article
- MicroRNA-107 is a novel tumor suppressor targeting POU3F2 in melanoma.Biological research · 2020Article
- MITF-the first 25 years.Genes & development · 2019Review
- BRN2 suppresses apoptosis, reprograms DNA damage repair, and is associated with a high somatic mutation burden in melanoma.Genes & development · 2019Article
- Melanoma: Genetic Abnormalities, Tumor Progression, Clonal Evolution and Tumor Initiating Cells.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Review
- The master role of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor in melanocyte and melanoma biology.Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology · 2017Review
- Article
- In silico studies of the interaction between BRN2 protein and MORE DNA.Journal of molecular modeling · 2016Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Deregulation of transcription arising from mutations in key signaling pathways is a hallmark of cancer. In melanoma, the most aggressive and lethal form of skin cancer, the Brn-2 transcription factor (POU3F2) regulates proliferation and invasiveness and lies downstream from mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Wnt/β-catenin, two melanoma-associated signaling pathways. In vivo Brn-2 represses expression of the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, MITF, to drive cells to a more stem cell-like and invasive phenotype. Given the key role of Brn-2 in regulating melanoma biology, understanding the signaling pathways that drive Brn-2 expression is an important issue. Here, we show that inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling reduces invasiveness of melanoma cells in culture and strongly inhibits Brn-2 expression. Pax3, a transcription factor regulating melanocyte lineage-specific genes, directly binds and regulates the Brn-2 promoter, and Pax3 expression is also decreased upon PI3K inhibition. Collectively, our results highlight a crucial role for PI3K in regulating Brn-2 and Pax3 expression, reveal a mechanism by which PI3K can regulate invasiveness, and imply that PI3K signaling is a key determinant of melanoma subpopulation diversity. Together with our previous work, the results presented here now place Brn-2 downstream of three melanoma-associated signaling pathways.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.