ArticlePediatrics2012
Variability of growth in children starting antiretroviral treatment in southern Africa.
Article in Pediatrics, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Growth reconstitution following antiretroviral therapy and nutritional supplementation: systematic review and meta-analysis.AIDS (London, England) · 2015Pooled it
- A randomized trial of prolonged co-trimoxazole in HIV-infected children in Africa.The New England journal of medicine · 2014Trial
- Systemic biological mechanisms underpin poor post-discharge growth among severely wasted children with HIV.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Association Between Vitamin D Insufficiency and Impaired Bone Density Among Adolescents With Perinatally Acquired HIV Infection.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Update: Vitamin DTrials · 2024Article
- Surgical implications of HIV infection.Pediatric surgery international · 2022Review
- Vitamin DTrials · 2022Article
- Characteristics and outcomes of adolescents living with perinatally acquired HIV within Southern Africa.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Article
- Weight-for-age distributions among children with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) multiregional consortium.BMC research notes · 2020Article
- Adherence to ready-to-use food and acceptability of outpatient nutritional therapy in HIV-infected undernourished Senegalese adolescents: research-based recommendations for routine care.BMC public health · 2020Article
- Growth in the first 5 years after antiretroviral therapy initiation among HIV-infected children in the IeDEA West African Pediatric Cohort.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2019Article
- Loss to follow-up from antiretroviral therapy clinics: A systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies in South Africa from 2011 to 2015.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2019Article
- Article
- Early Height and Weight Changes in Children Using Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis With Antiretroviral Therapy.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2016Article
- Chronic Morbidity Among Older Children and Adolescents at Diagnosis of HIV Infection.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2016Article
- Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in Perinatally HIV-Infected, Treatment-Naïve Adolescents in Asia.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2016Article
- Growth in Virologically Suppressed HIV-Positive Children on Antiretroviral Therapy: Individual and Population-level References.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2015Article
- Effect of Age at Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation on Catch-up Growth Within the First 24 Months Among HIV-infected Children in the IeDEA West African Pediatric Cohort.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2015Observational
- Getting to 90-90-90 in paediatric HIV: What is needed?Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2015Article
- Targeting 90-90-90--don't leave children and adolescents behind.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 12 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPoor growth is an indication for antiretroviral therapy (ART) and a criterion for treatment failure. We examined variability in growth response to ART in 12 programs in Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, and South Africa.
methodsTreatment naïve children aged <10 years were included. We calculated weight for age z scores (WAZs), height for age z scores (HAZs), and weight for height z scores (WHZs) up to 3 years after starting ART, by using the World Health Organization standards. Multilevel regression models were used.
resultsA total of 17990 children (range, 238-8975) were followed for 36181 person-years. At ART initiation, most children were underweight (50%) and stunted (66%). Lower baseline WAZ, HAZ, and WHZ were the most important determinants of faster catch-up growth on ART. WAZ and WHZ increased rapidly in the first year and stagnated or reversed thereafter, whereas HAZ increased continuously over time. Three years after starting ART, WAZ ranged from -2.80 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -3.66 to -2.02) to -1.98 (95% CI: -2.41 to -1.48) in children with a baseline z score < -3 and from -0.79 (95% CI: -1.62 to 0.02) to 0.05 (95% CI: -0.42 to 0.51) in children with a baseline WAZ ≥ -1. For HAZ, the corresponding range was -2.33 (95% CI: -2.62 to -2.02) to -1.27 (95% CI: -1.58 to -1.00) for baseline HAZ < -3 and -0.24 (95% CI: -0.56 to 0.15) to 0.84 (95% CI: 0.53 to 1.16) for HAZ ≥ -1.
conclusionsDespite a sustained growth response and catch-up growth in children with advanced HIV disease treated with ART, normal weights and heights are not achieved over 3 years of ART.
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