Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22987785›Full record

ReviewNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2013

Price and tax measures and illicit trade in the framework convention on tobacco control: what we know and what research is required.

Corne van Walbeek, Evan Blecher, Anna Gilmore, Hana Ross

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Tobacco Tax Increases: A Discourse Analysis of the French Print and Web News Media from 2000 to 2020.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Estimating the Magnitude of Illicit Cigarette Trade in Bangladesh: Protocol for a Mixed-Methods Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Converging research needs across framework convention on tobacco control articles: making research relevant to global tobacco control practice and policy.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2013
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Corne van WalbeekSchool of Economics, University of Cape Town, South Africa. cwalbeek@gmail.com
Evan Blecher
Anna Gilmore
Hana Ross

Funding

PHS HHS HHSN261201100185P
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionArticle 6 of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control commits Parties to use tax and price policies to reduce tobacco use, whereas Article 15 commits Parties to implement measures to eliminate the illicit trade in tobacco products. This paper identifies research gaps/needs, especially in low- and middle-income countries, which, if adequately addressed, would help in implementing Articles 6 and 15.

methodsBased on a recent comprehensive review on the impact of tax and price on tobacco consumption and a summary of reviews and narratives about the illicit tobacco market, research gaps are identified.

resultsCountries have highly diverse research needs, depending on the stage of the tobacco epidemic, previous research and data availability, and making a ranking of research needs infeasible. Broad issues for further research are the following: (1) monitoring tobacco consumption, prices, and taxes, (2) assessing the effectiveness of the tax structure in generating revenue and reducing tobacco use, (3) strengthening the tax administration system in order to reduce tax evasion and tax avoidance, (4) improving our understanding of the political economy of tobacco tax policy, and (5) employing a multidisciplinary approach to assessing the magnitude of illicit tobacco trade.

conclusionsAt a technical level, the case for increasing excise taxes to improve public health and increase government revenue is easily made, but the political and policy environment is often not supportive. In order to effectively impact policy, the required approach would typically make use of rigorous economic techniques, and be cognizant of the political economy of raising excise taxes.

Indexed as

Health PolicyHealth PromotionInternational CooperationSmoking PreventionCommerceCrimeDeveloping CountriesGovernment RegulationHumansResearchSmokingSmoking CessationTaxesTobacco IndustryTobacco Products

Identifiers

PMID22987785
PMCPMC3693499

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.