ArticleInternational journal of cancer2013
An international comparison of male and female breast cancer incidence rates.
Article in International journal of cancer, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Experiences and perceptions of men following breast cancer diagnosis: a mixed method systematic review.BMC cancer · 2024Pooled it
- Esophageal cancer male to female incidence ratios in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis of geographic, time and age trends.Cancer epidemiology · 2018Pooled it
- Patient and physician characteristics affect adherence to screening mammography: A population-based cohort study.PloS one · 2018Trial
- A Prognostic Analysis of Male Breast Cancer (MBC) Compared with Post-Menopausal Female Breast Cancer (FBC).PloS one · 2015Trial
- The Oncotype DX® 21-gene recurrence score and clinical outcomes in hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative male breast cancer: a scoping review.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Article
- The CHI3L1-neutrophil axis drives immune suppression and breast cancer metastatic dissemination.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Breast Cancer Reveals LatentCirculation · 2026Article
- Incidence and Survival of Thoracic Angiosarcoma: Epidemiologic Evidence from a Population-Based Cancer Registry.Cancers · 2026Article
- High-definition likelihood inference of genetic colocalization reveals protein biomarkers for human complex diseases.GigaScience · 2026Article
- Oral Microbiota and Carcinogenesis: Exploring the Systemic Impact of Oral Pathogens.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Do ethnic disparities exist in disease burden and healthcare utilization of male breast cancer? A 9-year cohort study of 9.08 million adults in China.Journal of the National Cancer Center · 2025Article
- Wildland firefighter exposure and female cancer risk: currently available evidence.Annals of work exposures and health · 2025Article
- Elevated tumor NOS2/COX2 promotes immunosuppressive phenotypes associated with poor survival in ER- breast cancer.JCI insight · 2025Article
- DREAM: A framework for discovering mechanisms underlying AI prediction of protected attributes.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Benchmarking bias in embeddings of healthcare AI models: using SD-WEAT for detection and measurement across sensitive populations.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2025Article
- Inequalities in Fertility-Impacting Cancer Incidence Among Young Populations in the United States.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of male breast cancer in 204 countries and territories: a systematic analysis from the global burden of disease study, 1990-2021.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Breast cancer burden in the United States (1990-2021) with a 15-year forecast: a comprehensive analysis based on the global burden of disease 2021.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Comprehensive review of male breast cancer: Understanding a rare condition.Oncology research · 2025Review
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Global international trends in female breast cancer incidence have been described previously but no comparable analysis of male breast cancer incidence rates has been conducted. We obtained male and female case and population data using Cancer Incidence in Five Continents (CI5). We calculated age-adjusted, sex-specific incidence rates and female-to-male incidence rate ratios (FMIRRs) and compared trends of such for the period 1988-2002. This analysis included 8,681 male breast cancer cases and 1.14 million female breast cancer cases. The highest male incidence rate was observed in Israel at 1.24 per 100,000 man-years, and the highest female incidence rate was observed in the United States at 90.7 per 100,000 woman-years. The lowest incidence rates for males (0.16) and females (18.0) were observed in Thailand. In general, male breast cancer incidence trends were variable; a minority of countries displayed evidence for an increase. In contrast, female incidence rates have been increasing in a majority of countries. The Pearson correlation coefficient (r) for male and female breast cancer incidence rates by country during 1988-2002 was 0.69. Male breast cancer rates were generally less than 1 per 100,000 man-years, in contrast to the much higher rates of female breast cancer, providing for an overall FMIRR of 122. The differences in both incidence rates and time trends between males and females may reflect sex differences in underlying risk factors, pathogenesis, and/or overdiagnosis. Conversely, the high correlation between male and female breast cancer incidences may indicate that both sexes share some common risk factors for breast cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.