ReviewEndocrine2013
Ectopic acromegaly due to growth hormone releasing hormone.
Review in Endocrine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ectopic GH-secreting pituitary adenoma of the clivus: systematic literature review of a challenging tumour.Pituitary · 2020Pooled it
- ENETS Consensus Guidelines Update for the Management of Patients with Functional Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors and Non-Functional Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.Neuroendocrinology · 2016Guideline
- Growth hormone-releasing hormone, growth hormone, and neuroendocrine tumors.Journal of clinical & translational endocrinology · 2026Review
- Pituitary adenoma imaging as a determinant of acromegaly diagnosis and outcomes.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Review
- Clinical, hormonal, and treatment outcomes in 247 patients with acromegaly: a single tertiary center experience.Turkish journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- Endocrine paraneoplastic syndromes in lung cancer: A call for clinical vigilance (Review).Molecular and clinical oncology · 2025Review
- [Ectopic acromegaly due to bronchial neuroendocrine tumors: the first description in Russia of three clinical cases].Problemy endokrinologii · 2024Article
- A worldwide bibliometric analysis of acromegaly in the past two decades: 1999-2022.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Genetic and Epigenetic Pathogenesis of Acromegaly.Cancers · 2022Review
- Ockham's Razor for a Retinal Lesion and Acromegaly and Breaking the Vicious Circle.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2022Article
- Acromegaly Caused by Ectopic Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone Secretion: A Review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Genetics of Acromegaly and Gigantism.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Acromegaly with empty sella syndrome.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports · 2021Article
- GHRH secretion from a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor causing gigantism in a patient with MEN1.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports · 2021Article
- Diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with acromegaly in a clinical practice setting in Spain: the ACROPRAXIS program Delphi survey.Pituitary · 2020Article
- Italian Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AME) and Italian AACE Chapter Position Statement for Clinical Practice: Acromegaly - Part 1: Diagnostic and Clinical Issues.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2020Review
- Identification of a TMEM127 variant in a patient with paraganglioma and acromegaly.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports · 2020Article
- Malignant Pheochromocytomas/Paragangliomas and Ectopic Hormonal Secretion: A Case Series and Review of the Literature.Cancers · 2019Review
- Role of biomarker tests for diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumours.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2018Review
- Diagnostic challenges and management of a patient with acromegaly due to ectopic growth hormone-releasing hormone secretion from a bronchial carcinoid tumour.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Acromegaly secondary to extra-pituitary tumors secreting growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) is rarely encountered. We review the literature on ectopic acromegaly and present the index report of ectopic acromegaly secondary to GHRH secretion from a mediastinal paraganglioma. Clinical and pathological manifestations and therapeutic management of 99 patients with ectopic acromegaly are reviewed. Acromegaly secondary to ectopic GHRH secretion is usually caused by a neuroendocrine tumor in the lung and pancreas. We report an additional cause of ectopic acromegaly from a mediastinal paraganglioma. Diagnostic criteria of ectopic GHRH syndrome include biochemical and pathologic tumoral confirmation of GHRH secretion and expression. Management of ectopic acromegaly consists of surgical resection of the primary tumor and biochemical normalization, with possible adjuvant use of somatostatin analogs. The review demonstrates that there are several tumor types, including paragangliomas which may secrete GHRH, leading to acromegaly. Clinical and laboratory manifestations of the syndrome and challenges in diagnosis and management of these rarely encountered patients require early diagnosis and appropriate treatment to prevent long-term morbidity and mortality with ectopic acromegaly.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.