ArticleDysphagia2013
The influence of age, sex, bulb position, visual feedback, and the order of testing on maximum anterior and posterior tongue strength and endurance in healthy belgian adults.
Article in Dysphagia, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 73 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Influence of Age and Gender on Tongue Pressure and Swallowing Tongue Pressure
Tongue and Occlusal Pressure Performance and Dietary Habits in Maxillectomy Patients With Obturator Prostheses
Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 154 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Isometric Lingual Strength-Training Programs in Adults With and Without Dysphagia.American journal of speech-language pathology · 2017Pooled it
- Exploring orofacial myofunctional therapy and its core components in mixed-dentition anterior open bite: the ombit study.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Trial
- Effects of synergistic tongue and chin resistance training on swallowing function, oral intake, and cognitive function in community-dwelling elderly individuals with frailty: a double-blind randomised controlled trial.Journal of global health · 2025Trial
- Effects of Tongue-Strengthening Exercise on Tongue Strength Reserve and Detraining Effects among Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Tongue-Strengthening Exercises in Healthy Older Adults: Does Exercise Load Matter? A Randomized Controlled Trial.Dysphagia · 2019Trial
- A Randomized Trial Comparing Two Tongue-Pressure Resistance Training Protocols for Post-Stroke Dysphagia.Dysphagia · 2016Trial
- The effect of orofacial myofunctional treatment in children with anterior open bite and tongue dysfunction: a pilot study.European journal of orthodontics · 2016Trial
- Trial
- Effects of Inter-Set Rest Intervals on Swallowing Pressure and Submental Muscle Activation During Effortful Swallowing Exercise in Older Adults.Dysphagia · 2026Article
- Article
- Pressure and Timing Differences Between Volitional and Non-Cued Saliva Swallows Measured with Pharyngeal High-Resolution Manometry.Dysphagia · 2026Article
- Article
- Oral function tests in spinal muscular atrophy: closing the diagnostic gap in severely affected adult patients : A prospective observational study.Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie · 2026Observational
- Swallowing Pathophysiology in Primary Sarcopenia: A Multimodal Assessment in Older Adults.Dysphagia · 2026Article
- The effect of tongue strength and endurance in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Swallowing and Tongue Strength Index in Patients With Temporomandibular Dysfunction: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of dentistry · 2026Article
- Tongue Strength and Endurance in Healthy Brazilian Adults Measured with the IOWA Oral Performance Instrument.International archives of otorhinolaryngology · 2026Article
- Article
- Application of an artificial intelligence-assisted electronic stethoscope for evaluating swallowing function decline across age groups and sex in Japan.Geriatrics & gerontology international · 2025Article
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study collected data on the maximum anterior and posterior tongue strength and endurance in 420 healthy Belgians across the adult life span to explore the influence of age, sex, bulb position, visual feedback, and order of testing. Measures were obtained using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI). Older participants (more than 70 years old) demonstrated significantly lower strength than younger persons at the anterior and the posterior tongue. Endurance remains stable throughout the major part of life. Gender influence remains significant but minor throughout life, with males showing higher pressures and longer endurance. The anterior part of the tongue has both higher strength and longer endurance than the posterior part. Mean maximum tongue pressures in this European population seem to be lower than American values and are closer to Asian results. The normative data can be used for objective assessment of tongue weakness and subsequent therapy planning of dysphagic patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.