ArticleFrontiers in immunology2012
Competition for IL-2 between Regulatory and Effector T Cells to Chisel Immune Responses.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers.
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Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mathematical and Mouse Models Identify Regulatory T Cell Influx as A Key Determinant of Acquired Resistance to PD-1 Immunotherapy.Cancer research · 2026Article
- Integrating network pharmacology with ex-vivo analysis to assess the effect of IL-2 in halting breast cancer: involvement of Treg/CTLA-4/Blimp-1/caspase-3.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Regulatory T cell attracting therapy accelerates skeletal muscle functional recovery following injury.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- RNA-binding proteins and ribonucleoproteins as determinants of immunity.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Regulatory T cells in autoimmune diseases: biological mechanisms, clinical translation, and translational challenges.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Regulatory T cell therapy in solid organ transplantation: clinical applications and laboratory monitoring strategies.Clinical transplantation and research · 2025Review
- Temporal optimization of CD25-biased IL-2 agonists and immune checkpoint blockade leads to synergistic anticancer activity despite robust regulatory T cell expansion.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Understanding Immune Dynamics in Liver Transplant Through Mathematical Modeling.Bulletin of mathematical biology · 2025Article
- The Potential Use of Digital Twin Technology for Advancing CAR-T Cell Therapy.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Granzyme B and melittin in cancer immunotherapy: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives in head and neck cancers.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Engineering synthetic suppressor T cells that execute locally targeted immunoprotective programs.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- NaCl enhances CD8Nature immunology · 2024Article
- Diffusion-limited cytokine signaling in T cell populations.iScience · 2024Article
- Molecular Engineering of Interleukin-2 for Enhanced Therapeutic Activity in Autoimmune Diseases.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2024Review
- Zfp36l1 establishes the high-affinity CD8 T-cell response by directly linking TCR affinity to cytokine sensing.European journal of immunology · 2024Article
- Probing T-cell activation in nanoliter tumor co-cultures using membrane displacement trap arrays.Integrative biology : quantitative biosciences from nano to macro · 2024Article
- Targeting tumor-infiltrating tregs for improved antitumor responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Engineered antibody cytokine chimera synergizes with DNA-launched nanoparticle vaccines to potentiate melanoma suppressionFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- CD25 targeting with the afucosylated human IgG1 antibody RG6292 eliminates regulatory T cells and CD25+ blasts in acute myeloid leukemia.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Synthetic cytokine circuits that drive T cells into immune-excluded tumors.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2022Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In this review we discuss how the competition for cytokines between different cells of the immune system can shape the system wide immune response. We focus on interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion by activated effector T cells (T(eff)) and on the competition for IL-2 consumption between T(eff) and regulatory T cells (T(reg)). We discuss the evidence for the mechanism in which the depletion of IL-2 by T(reg) cells would be sufficient to suppress an autoimmune response, yet not strong enough to prevent an immune response. We present quantitative estimations and summarize our modeling effort to show that the tug-of-war between T(reg) and T(eff) cells for IL-2 molecules can be won by T(reg) cells in the case of weak activation of T(eff) leading to the suppression of the immune response. Or, for strongly activated T(eff) cells, it can be won by T(eff) cells bringing about the activation of the whole adaptive immune system. Finally, we discuss some recent applications attempting to achieve clinical effects through the modulation of IL-2 consumption by T(reg) compartment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.