ArticleJournal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology2012
A cannabigerol quinone alleviates neuroinflammation in a chronic model of multiple sclerosis.
Article in Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
97 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 156 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effects of Cannabinoids on Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines: A Systematic Review ofCannabis and cannabinoid research · 2021Pooled it
- A systematic review of minor phytocannabinoids with promising neuroprotective potential.British journal of pharmacology · 2020Pooled it
- Chemotherapy-induced cachexia dysregulates hypothalamic and systemic lipoamines and is attenuated by cannabigerol.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2019Trial
- Effects of phytocannabinoids, synthetic and semi-synthetic cannabinoids on microglia and astrocytes: Review of neuroinflammatory mechanisms.Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology · 2026Review
- Cannabigerol at the Interface of the Gut Microbiota and EndoCannabinoidome: Mechanistic Insights into Inflammation and Pain Modulation.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Neurotoxicity of Synthetic Cannabinoid Receptor Agonist Cumyl-PINACA: An In Vitro Study on Rat Cortical Neurons and Astrocytes.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Pharmacological Switching in Minor Phytocannabinoids: A Mechanistic Framework for Compound-Indication Matching and Precision Neurotherapeutic Development.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Cannabidiol and other non-psychotropic cannabinoids from Cannabis sativa as therapeutics for microglial-mediated neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.Journal of cannabis research · 2026Review
- Exploring the therapeutic potential of cannabidiol in soft tissue wound healing: Delivery strategies and anti-inflammatory pathways.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Antiseizure Effects of Cannabidiol in Combination With Cannabigerol in the Maximal Electroshock Seizure Model.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Article
- Elucidating the putative role of cannabigerol: a hypothesis-generating review of neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective mechanisms with implications for drug-resistant epilepsy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- The Pharmacological Profile of Plant-Derived Cannabinoids In Vitro.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2026Review
- Phytocannabinoid-drug interactions: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic mechanisms, clinical relevance and toxicological considerations.Frontiers in toxicology · 2026Review
- A novel insight into the antidepressant effect of cannabidiol: possible involvement of the 5-HT1A, CB1, GPR55, and PPARγ receptors.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Review
- Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cannabigerol (CBG) in the C57BL/6Crl mouse.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system in the regulation of cytochrome P450 metabolic activity-a review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Comprehensive mini-review: therapeutic potential of cannabigerol - focus on the cardiovascular system.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Is nitrogen-modified atmosphere packaging a tool for retention of volatile terpenes and cannabinoids in stored Cannabis sativa inflorescence?Journal of cannabis research · 2024Article
- Cannabigerol (CBG): A Comprehensive Review of Its Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Phytocannabinoids like ∆(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) show a beneficial effect on neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative processes through cell membrane cannabinoid receptor (CBr)-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Natural and synthetic cannabinoids also target the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ), an attractive molecular target for the treatment of neuroinflammation. As part of a study on the SAR of phytocannabinoids, we have investigated the effect of the oxidation modification in the resorcinol moiety of cannabigerol (CBG) on CB(1), CB(2) and PPARγ binding affinities, identifying cannabigerol quinone (VCE-003) as a potent anti-inflammatory agent. VCE-003 protected neuronal cells from excitotoxicity, activated PPARγ transcriptional activity and inhibited the release of pro-inflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated microglial cells. Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) model of multiple sclerosis (MS) was used to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of this compound in vivo. Motor function performance was evaluated and the neuroinflammatory response and gene expression pattern in brain and spinal cord were studied by immunostaining and qRT-PCR. We found that VCE-003 ameliorated the symptoms associated to TMEV infection, decreased microglia reactivity and modulated the expression of genes involved in MS pathophysiology. These data lead us to consider VCE-003 to have high potential for drug development against MS and perhaps other neuroinflammatory diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.