ArticleXenotransplantation
Anti-gal antibodies in α1,3-galactosyltransferase gene-knockout pigs.
Article in Xenotransplantation. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Liver Xenotransplantation: From Early Primate Trials to the First-in-Human Porcine Bridging Therapies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- The α-Gal Epitope (Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc) as Therapeutic Agent in Cancer Immunotherapy, Vaccine Effectiveness Amplification and Injured Tissue Regeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Lessons of Macrophage-Associated Heart Regeneration in Fish, Amphibians, and Neonatal Mice, Applied to Adult Mice: A Perspective on α-Gal Nanoparticles.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Mutations Inactivating Biosynthesis of Dispensable Carbohydrate-Antigens Prevented Extinctions in Primate/Human Lineage Evolution.Journal of molecular evolution · 2025Review
- Accelerated Burn Healing in a Mouse Experimental Model Using α-Gal Nanoparticles.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Antibody production and tolerance to the α-gal epitope as models for understanding and preventing the immune response to incompatible ABO carbohydrate antigens and for α-gal therapies.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Review
- α-Gal Nanoparticles Mediated Homing of Endogenous Stem Cells for Repair and Regeneration of External and Internal Injuries by Localized Complement Activation and Macrophage Recruitment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Biomanufacturing of Axon-Based Tissue Engineered Nerve Grafts Using Porcine GalSafe Neurons.Tissue engineering. Part A · 2021Article
- In Situ "Humanization" of Porcine Bioprostheses: Demonstration of Tendon Bioprostheses Conversion into Human ACL and Possible Implications for Heart Valve Bioprostheses.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Near Complete Repair After Myocardial Infarction in Adult Mice by Altering the Inflammatory Response With Intramyocardial Injection of α-Gal Nanoparticles.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Article
- Biosynthesis of α-Gal Epitopes (Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc-R) and Their Unique Potential in Future α-Gal Therapies.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2021Review
- Review
- Host Synthesized Carbohydrate Antigens on Viral Glycoproteins as "Achilles' Heel" of Viruses Contributing to Anti-Viral Immune Protection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Human Natural Antibodies to Mammalian Carbohydrate Antigens as Unsung Heroes Protecting against Past, Present, and Future Viral Infections.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- The Possible Role of Anti-Neu5Gc as an Obstacle in Xenotransplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- α-Gal Nanoparticles in Wound and Burn Healing Acceleration.Advances in wound care · 2017Review
- Modifying the sugar icing on the transplantation cake.Glycobiology · 2016Review
- Characteristics of α-Gal epitope, anti-Gal antibody, α1,3 galactosyltransferase and its clinical exploitation (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2016Review
- Screening pigs for xenotransplantation: expression of porcine endogenous retroviruses in transgenic pig skin.Transgenic research · 2015Article
- The current state of xenotransplantation.Journal of applied genetics · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Serum anti-galactose-α1,3-galactose (Gal) IgM and IgG antibody levels were measured by ELISA in α1,3-galactosyltransferase gene-knockout (GTKO) pigs (78 estimations in 47 pigs). A low level of anti-Gal IgM was present soon after birth, and rose to a peak at 4-6 m, which was maintained thereafter even in the oldest pigs tested (at >2 yr). Anti-Gal IgG was also present at birth, peaked at 3 m, and after 6 m steadily decreased until almost undetectable at 20 m. No differences in this pattern were seen between pigs of different gender. Total IgM followed a similar pattern as anti-Gal IgM, but total IgG did not decrease after 6m. The data provide useful baseline data for future experimental studies in GTKO pigs, e.g., relating to the antibody response to WT pig allografts.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.