Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22970305›Full record

ArticlePloS one2012

Direct behavioral evidence for retronasal olfaction in rats.

Shree Hari Gautam, Justus V Verhagen

Open access · goldAbstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Multisensory Integration Underlies the Distinct Representation of Odor-Taste Mixtures in the Gustatory Cortex of Behaving Rats.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024
    Article
  2. Article
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  6. Cortical Hub for Flavor Sensation in Rodents.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2021
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
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  12. Review
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  14. Processing of Intraoral Olfactory and Gustatory Signals in the Gustatory Cortex of Awake Rats.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2017
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Shree Hari GautamThe John B. Pierce Laboratory, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.
Justus V Verhagen
John B. Pierce Laboratory · USYale University · US

Funding

Bulbar maps to retronasal smell by optical calcium imaging and fMRI in acute ratR01DC011286 · NIDCD · JOHN B. PIERCE LABORATORY, INC. · PI VERHAGEN, JUSTUS V. · 2011 to 2015
$1.8M
Multimodal flavor integration and retronasal olfaction in the ratR01DC009994 · NIDCD · JOHN B. PIERCE LABORATORY, INC. · PI VERHAGEN, JUSTUS V. · 2009 to 2012
$1.4M
NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC009994NIDCD NIH HHS R01DC009994NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC011286
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The neuroscience of flavor perception is becoming increasingly important to understand abnormal feeding behaviors and associated chronic diseases such as obesity. Yet, flavor research has mainly depended on human subjects due to the lack of an animal model. A crucial step towards establishing an animal model of flavor research is to determine whether the animal uses the retronasal mode of olfaction, an essential element of flavor perception. We designed a go- no go behavioral task to test the rat's ability to detect and discriminate retronasal odorants. In this paradigm, tasteless aqueous solutions of odorants were licked by water-restricted head-fixed rats from a lick spout. Orthonasal contamination was avoided by employing a combination of a vacuum around the lick-spout and blowing clean air toward the nose. Flow models support the effectiveness of both approaches. The licked odorants were successfully discriminated by rats. Moreover, the tasteless odorant amyl acetate was reliably discriminated against pure distilled water in a concentration-dependent manner. The results from this retronasal odor discrimination task suggest that rats are capable of smelling retronasally. This direct behavioral evidence establishes the rat as a useful animal model for flavor research.

Indexed as

Behavior, AnimalSmellAnimalsFemaleNasal CavityRatsRats, Long-Evans

Identifiers

PMID22970305
PMCPMC3435269
OpenAlexW1974721207

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.