ArticlePloS one2012
Development of multicellular tumor spheroid (MCTS) culture from breast cancer cell and a high throughput screening method using the MTT assay.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Unlocking the Potential of Spheroids in Personalized Medicine: A Systematic Review of Seeding Methodologies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Emetine dihydrochloride suppresses the invasiveness and motility of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through MAPK pathway inhibition and Twist1 protein destabilization.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The Size of Glioblastoma Spheroids Influences Patterns of Invasion and Temozolomide Efficacy.Tissue engineering. Part C, Methods · 2026Article
- A Biomimetic Micro-Nano System Maximizing 'Active Transport and Retention' Effect in Solid Tumors.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Dynamic optical coherence microscope integrated with cell-cultivation chamber enabled longitudinal and early-stage assessment of tumor spheroid-drug interaction.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Size-dependent invasion and therapeutic phenotype of 42MGBA glioblastoma spheroids.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Cyto-genotoxic assessment of bisphenol P through expression of DNA damage/repair genes in MDBK cell line.In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal · 2025Article
- Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells enrich breast cancer stem cell population via targeting metabolic pathways.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Article
- New frontiers in anti-cancer drug testing: The need for a relevant In vitro testing model.NAM journal · 2025Review
- Dual-parameter tomographic imaging of attenuation and backscattering coefficients for quantitative evaluation of immune cell-mediated cytotoxicity in tumor spheroids.Theranostics · 2025Article
- Modeling intratumor heterogeneity in breast cancer.Biofabrication · 2024Review
- Sustainable Nanoparticles from Stephania glabra and Analysis of Their Anticancer Potential on 2D and 3D Models of Prostate Cancer.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2024Article
- An Insight on Microfluidic Organ-on-a-Chip Models for PMACS omega · 2024Review
- Next-Generation CEA-CAR-NK-92 Cells against Solid Tumors: Overcoming Tumor Microenvironment Challenges in Colorectal Cancer.Cancers · 2024Article
- Xanthohumol hinders invasion and cell cycle progression in cancer cells through targeting MMP2, MMP9, FAK and P53 genes in three-dimensional breast and lung cancer cells culture.Cancer cell international · 2023Article
- Breast cancer brain metastasis: from etiology to state-of-the-art modeling.Journal of biological engineering · 2023Review
- Nanozymes with Peroxidase-like Activity for Ferroptosis-Driven Biocatalytic Nanotherapeutics of Glioblastoma Cancer: 2D and 3D Spheroids Models.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Amino acid profile changes during enrichment of spheroid cells with cancer stem cell properties in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2023Article
- 3D cancer models: One step closer toFrontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In comparison to monolayer cells, MCTS has been claimed as more suitable candidate for studying drug penetration due to the high resemblance to solid tumors. However, the cultivation of MCTS is cumbersome, time consuming, and most technique fail to generate spheroids with uniform sizes. Therefore, the application of spheroid cultures in high throughput screening has been rather limiting. Besides, the lack of a well established screening protocol method that is applicable to spheroid could also be attributed to this limitation. Here we report a simple way of cultivating homogenous MCTS cultures with compact and rigid structure from the MCF-7 cells. Besides, we had also made some modifications to the standard MTT assay to realize high throughput screening of these spheroids. Using the modified protocol, tamoxifen showed cytotoxicity effect towards MCTS cultures from MCF-7 with high consistency. The results correlated well with the cultures' response assessed by LDH release assay but the latter assay was not ideal for detecting a wide range of cytotoxicity due to high basal background reading. The MTT assay emerged as a better indicator to apoptosis event in comparison to the LDH release assay. Therefore, the method for spheroid generation and the modified MTT assay we reported here could be potentially applied to high throughput screening for response of spheroid cultures generated from MCF-7 as well as other cancer cell lines towards cytotoxic stimuli.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.