ArticlePloS one2012
Molecular and cellular mechanisms of cigarette smoke-induced myocardial injury: prevention by vitamin C.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Retraction: Molecular and cellular mechanisms of cigarette smoke-induced myocardial injury: Prevention by Vitamin C.PloS one · 2026Article
- An integral perspective of canonical cigarette and e-cigarette-related cardiovascular toxicity based on the adverse outcome pathway framework.Journal of advanced research · 2023Review
- The effects of vitamin C on respiratory, allergic and immunological diseases: an experimental and clinical-based review.Inflammopharmacology · 2023Review
- Review
- Sex differences in cardiac remodeling post myocardial infarction with acute cigarette smoking.Biology of sex differences · 2022Article
- Editorial on Anticancer Antioxidants.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Chronic Exposure to Cigarette Smoke Affects the Ileum and Colon of Guinea Pigs Differently. Relaxin (RLX-2, Serelaxin) Prevents Most Local Damage.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Redox Potential of Antioxidants in Cancer Progression and Prevention.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Sex-based differences in myocardial infarction-induced kidney damage following cigarette smoking exposure: more renal protection in premenopausal female mice.Bioscience reports · 2020Article
- The flavoring and not the nicotine content is a decisive factor for the effects of refill liquids of electronic cigarette on the redox status of endothelial cells.Toxicology reports · 2020Article
- Gender-biased kidney damage in mice following exposure to tobacco cigarette smoke: More protection in premenopausal females.Physiological reports · 2020Article
- Clinical Effect of Intravenous Vitamin C on Viral Myocarditis in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2019Article
- Mainstream smoke constituents andToxicology reports · 2019Article
- Conjugation of para-benzoquinone of Cigarette Smoke with Human Hemoglobin Leads to Unstable Tetramer and Reduced Cooperative Oxygen Binding.Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2018Article
- Immune-regulating effects of exercise on cigarette smoke-induced inflammation.Journal of inflammation research · 2018Review
- Obesity, cardiovascular disease, and role of vitamin C on inflammation: a review of facts and underlying mechanisms.Inflammopharmacology · 2017Review
- Effect of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation on cardiac fibroblasts: a mechanism underlying RV fibrosis associated with cigarette smoke exposure.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2017Article
- Dietary antioxidant capacity and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the E3N/EPIC cohort study.European journal of nutrition · 2017Article
- Functional, Cellular, and Molecular Remodeling of the Heart under Influence of Oxidative Cigarette Tobacco Smoke.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2026-01-06Concerns/Issues about Data · Duplication of Data · Error in Data · Euphemisms for Duplication · Investigation by Journal/Publisher · Investigation by Third Party · Objections by Author(s) · Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions · · See also: https://pubpeer.com/publications/3549D7D9378C61C675DEB555D3A479
- Retracted
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) remains one of the major killers in modern society. One strong risk factor of CVD is cigarette smoking that causes myocardial injury and leads to the genesis of pathological cardiovascular events. However, the exact toxic component(s) of cigarette smoke (CS) and its molecular and cellular mechanisms for causing myocardial injury leading to heart damage and its prevention are largely unknown. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsUsing a guinea pig model, here we show that chronic exposure to CS produces myocardial injury that is prevented by vitamin C. Male guinea pigs were fed either vitamin C-deficient (0.5 mg/day) or vitamin C-sufficient (15 mg/day) diet and subjected to CS exposure from 5 Kentucky Research cigarettes (3R4F)/day (6 days/week) in a smoke chamber up to 8 weeks. Pair-fed sham controls were subjected to air exposure instead of CS exposure under similar conditions. Myocardial injury was produced in CS-exposed marginal vitamin C-deficient guinea pigs as evidenced by release of cardiac Troponin-T and I in the serum, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, thrombosis and collagen deposition in the myocardium. Treatment of rat cardiomyocyte cells (H9c2) in vitro and guinea pigs in vivo with p-benzoquinone (p-BQ) in amounts derived from CS revealed that p-BQ was a major factor responsible for CS-induced myocardial damage. A moderately large dose of vitamin C (15 mg/day) prevented CS/p-BQ-induced myocardial injury. Population based studies indicated that plasma vitamin C levels of smokers without disease were significantly lower (p = 0,0000) than that of non-smokers. Vitamin C levels of CS-related cardiovascular patients were further lower (p = 0.0000) than that of smokers without disease. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The results indicate that dietary supplementation of vitamin C may be a novel and simple therapy for the prevention of pathological cardiovascular events in habitual smokers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.