ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2012
Silurian horseshoe crab illuminates the evolution of arthropod limbs.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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31 citing papers in PubMed, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Pincer movement: fossil pushes origins of chelicerate arthropods back to the Cambrian period.Nature · 2026Article
- Quantification of leg mobility in the Burgess Shale Olenoides serratus indicates functional differences between trilobite and xiphosuran appendages.BMC biology · 2025Article
- The first Silurian horseshoe crab reveals details of the xiphosuran ground plan.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2025Article
- A tiny Cambrian stem-mandibulate reveals independent evolution of limb tagmatization and specialization in early euarthropods.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- New specimens ofRoyal Society open science · 2024Article
- A Novel Expression Domain of extradenticle Underlies the Evolutionary Developmental Origin of the Chelicerate Patella.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Lower Ordovician synziphosurine reveals early euchelicerate diversity and evolution.Nature communications · 2024Article
- A vicissicaudatan arthropod from the Silurian Herefordshire Lagerstätte, UK.Royal Society open science · 2023Article
- Variations in preservation of exceptional fossils within concretions.Swiss journal of palaeontology · 2023Article
- The evolution of biramous appendages revealed by a carapace-bearing Cambrian arthropod.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2022Article
- MicroRNAs as Indicators into the Causes and Consequences of Whole-Genome Duplication Events.Molecular biology and evolution · 2022Article
- Exites in Cambrian arthropods and homology of arthropod limb branches.Nature communications · 2021Article
- The trilobite upper limb branch is a well-developed gill.Science advances · 2021Article
- Developmental gene expression as a phylogenetic data class: support for the monophyly of Arachnopulmonata.Development genes and evolution · 2020Article
- Article
- Early Cambrian fuxianhuiids from China reveal origin of the gnathobasic protopodite in euarthropods.Nature communications · 2018Article
- Mandibulate convergence in an armoured Cambrian stem chelicerate.BMC evolutionary biology · 2017Article
- Exceptional appendage and soft-tissue preservation in a Middle Triassic horseshoe crab from SW China.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- A new crustacean from the Herefordshire (Silurian) Lagerstätte, UK, and its significance in malacostracan evolution.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2017Article
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6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The basic arrangement of limbs in euarthropods consists of a uniramous head appendage followed by a series of biramous appendages. The body is divided into functional units or tagmata which are usually distinguished by further differentiation of the limbs. The living horseshoe crabs are remnants of a much larger diversity of aquatic chelicerates. The limbs of the anterior and posterior divisions of the body of living horseshoe crabs differ in the loss of the outer and inner ramus, respectively, of an ancestral biramous limb. Here we report a new fossil horseshoe crab from the mid-Silurian Lagerstätte in Herefordshire, United Kingdom (approximately 425 Myr B.P.), a site that has yielded a remarkably preserved assemblage of soft-bodied fossils. The limbs of the new form can be homologized with those of living Limulus, but retain an ancestral biramous morphology. Remarkably, however, the two limb branches originate separately, providing fossil evidence to suggest that repression or loss of gene expression might have given rise to the appendage morphology of Limulus. Both branches of the prosomal limbs of this new fossil are robust and segmented in contrast to their morphology in Cambrian arthropods, revealing that a true biramous limb was once present in chelicerates as well as in the mandibulates.
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