ArticleBMC pulmonary medicine2012
Endotoxin as a determinant of asthma and wheeze among rural dwelling children and adolescents: a case-control study.
Article in BMC pulmonary medicine, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Indoor endotoxin and house dust mite concentrations in the canine homologue of human atopic dermatitis.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Early life exposures of childhood asthma and allergies-an epidemiologic perspective.Frontiers in allergy · 2024Article
- Respiratory and allergic health effects in children living near agriculture: A review.The Science of the total environment · 2022Review
- Indoor Microbial Exposures and Chronic Lung Disease: From Microbial Toxins to the Microbiome.Clinics in chest medicine · 2020Review
- House dust endotoxin, asthma and allergic sensitization through childhood into adolescence.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2020Article
- Endotoxin, food allergen sensitization, and food allergy: A complementary epidemiologic and experimental study.Allergy · 2020Article
- Rural Asthma: Current Understanding of Prevalence, Patterns, and Interventions for Children and Adolescents.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2017Review
- House Dust Endotoxin Levels Are Associated with Adult Asthma in a U.S. Farming Population.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2017Article
- Childhood asthma, asthma severity indicators, and related conditions along an urban-rural gradient: a cross-sectional study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2017Article
- Predictors and respiratory depositions of airborne endotoxin in homes using biomass fuels and LPG gas for cooking.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2017Article
- Indoor environmental exposures and exacerbation of asthma: an update to the 2000 review by the Institute of Medicine.Environmental health perspectives · 2015Review
- Relationships between Plasma Micronutrients, Serum IgE, and Skin Test Reactivity and Asthma among School Children in Rural Southwest Nigeria.Journal of biomarkers · 2014Article
- Exposure to Beta-(1,3)-D-glucan in house dust at age 7-10 is associated with airway hyperresponsiveness and atopic asthma by age 11-14.PloS one · 2014Article
- Fungal disease of the nose and sinuses: an updated overview.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2013Review
- Household endotoxin levels and the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2013Article
- Obesity, diet, and activity in relation to asthma and wheeze among rural dwelling children and adolescents.Journal of obesity · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe association between endotoxin exposure and asthma is complex and has been associated with rural living. We examined the relationship between domestic endotoxin and asthma or wheeze among rural school-aged children (6-18 years) and assessed the interaction between endotoxin and other characteristics with these outcomes.
methodsBetween 2005 and 2007 we conducted a case-control study of children 6-18 years in the rural region of Humboldt, Canada. Cases (n = 102) reported doctor-diagnosed asthma or wheeze in the past year. Controls (n = 208) were randomly selected from children without asthma or wheeze. Data were collected to ascertain symptoms, asthma history and indoor environmental exposures (questionnaire), endotoxin (dust collection from the play area floor and child's mattress), and tobacco smoke exposure (saliva collection). Statistical testing was completed using multiple logistic regression to account for potential confounders and to assess interaction between risk factors. A stratified analysis was also completed to examine the effect of personal history of allergy.
resultsAmong children aged 6-12 years, mattress endotoxin concentration (EU/mg) and load (EU/m2) were inversely associated with being a case [odds ratio (OR) = 0.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.20-0.98; and OR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.20-0.75, respectively]. These associations were not observed in older children or with play area endotoxin.
conclusionsOur results suggest that endotoxin exposure might be protective for asthma or wheeze. The protective effect is found in younger school-aged, non-allergic children. These results may help explain the inconsistencies in previous studies and suggest that the protective effects of endotoxin in the prevention of atopy and asthma or wheeze are most effective earlier in life.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.