Trial reportMetabolism: clinical and experimental2013
Effect of low- and high-glycemic load on circulating incretins in a randomized clinical trial.
Trial report in Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Low glycaemic index diets for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Metabolic plasticity of the gut microbiome in response to diets differing in glycemic load in a randomized, crossover, controlled feeding study.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Trial
- Proteomic Analysis of Plasma Reveals Fat Mass Influences Cancer-Related Pathways in Healthy Humans Fed Controlled Diets Differing in Glycemic Load.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Article
- The carbohydrate-insulin model: a physiological perspective on the obesity pandemic.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2021Article
- Gut Microbial Protein Expression in Response to Dietary Patterns in a Controlled Feeding Study: A Metaproteomic Approach.Microorganisms · 2020Article
- Review
- Plasma metabolomics profiles suggest beneficial effects of a low-glycemic load dietary pattern on inflammation and energy metabolism.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Article
- Hormonal and metabolic effects of carbohydrate restriction in children with Prader-Willi syndrome.Clinical endocrinology · 2019Article
- An Okinawan-based Nordic diet improves glucose and lipid metabolism in health and type 2 diabetes, in alignment with changes in the endocrine profile, whereas zonulin levels are elevated.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2019Review
- Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 and Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Expression in Osteoblasts.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Ghrelin, CCK, GLP-1, and PYY(3-36): Secretory Controls and Physiological Roles in Eating and Glycemia in Health, Obesity, and After RYGB.Physiological reviews · 2017Review
- Hepatic, adipocyte, enteric and pancreatic hormones: response to dietary macronutrient composition and relationship with metabolism.Nutrition & metabolism · 2017Article
- Novel Molecules Regulating Energy Homeostasis: Physiology and Regulation by Macronutrient Intake and Weight Loss.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2016Review
- Effect of low or high glycemic load diets on experimentally induced mammary carcinogenesis in rats.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2016Article
- Article
- Effect of diets differing in glycemic index and glycemic load on cardiovascular risk factors: review of randomized controlled-feeding trials.Nutrients · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveLow-glycemic load diets lower post-prandial glucose and insulin responses; however, the effect of glycemic load on circulating incretin concentrations is unclear. We aimed to assess effects of dietary glycemic load on fasting and post-prandial glucose, insulin and incretin (i.e., glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)) concentrations and to examine for effect modification by adiposity. MATERIALS AND
methodsWe conducted a single-center, randomized controlled crossover feeding trial in which a subset of participants had post-prandial testing. Participants were recruited from the local Seattle area. We enrolled 89 overweight-obese (BMI 28.0-39.9 kg/m(2)) and lean (BMI 18.5-25.0 kg/m(2)) healthy adults. Participants consumed two 28-day, weight-maintaining high- and low-glycemic load controlled diets in random order. Primary outcome measures were post-prandial circulating concentrations of glucose, insulin, GIP and GLP-1, following a test breakfast.
resultsOf the 80 participants completing both diet interventions, 16 had incretin testing and comprise the group for analyses. Following each 28-day high- and low-glycemic load diet, mean fasting concentrations of insulin, glucose, GIP and GLP-1 were not significantly different. Mean integrated post-prandial concentrations of glucose, insulin and GIP were higher (1504±476 mg/dL/min, p<0.01; 2012±644 μU/mL/min, p<0.01 and 15517±4062 pg/mL/min, p<0.01, respectively) and GLP-1 was lower (-81.6±38.5 pmol/L/min, p<0.03) following the high-glycemic load breakfast as compared to the low-glycemic load breakfast. Body fat did not significantly modify the effect of glycemic load on metabolic outcomes.
conclusionsHigh-glycemic load diets in weight-maintained healthy individuals lead to higher post-prandial GIP and lower post-prandial GLP-1 concentrations. Future studies evaluating dietary glycemic load manipulation of incretin effects would be helpful for establishing diabetes nutrition guidelines.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.