SynthesisThe oncologist2012
Body mass index and risk of primary liver cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective studies.
Synthesis in The oncologist, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- AGA Clinical Practice Update on Bariatric Surgery in Cirrhosis: Expert Review.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2021Guideline
- Obesity and the risk of primary liver cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2021Pooled it
- Obesity is Independently Associated With Increased Risk of Hepatocellular Cancer-related Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.American journal of clinical oncology · 2018Pooled it
- Adiposity and cancer at major anatomical sites: umbrella review of the literature.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2017Pooled it
- The Association Between Body Mass Index and the Prognosis and Postoperative Complications of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis.Medicine · 2015Pooled it
- Association of body mass index with chromosome damage levels and lung cancer risk among males.Scientific reports · 2015Pooled it
- Obesity and cancer: the role of vitamin D.BMC cancer · 2014Pooled it
- Metabolic disease variants rewire gene regulation through disruption of DNA G-quadruplex structures.Genome biology · 2026Article
- Large cohort studies assessing sex-specific associations between anthropometric indices and liver cancer death.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2026Article
- Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, insulin resistance and hepatocellular carcinoma: A deadly triad.European journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Cost-effectiveness analysis of duodenal-jejunal bypass sleeve device for people with obesity.Health economics review · 2025Article
- The impact of diabetes and social, biologic and behavioral determinants of health on liver cancer risk.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions Associated with SGLT2 Inhibitors.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- G-quadruplex forming regions in GCK and TM6SF2 are targets for differential DNA methylation in metabolic disease and hepatocellular carcinoma patients.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Insulin Resistance: The Increased Risk of Cancers.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2024Review
- Trends in the burden of most common obesity-related cancers in 16 Southern Africa development community countries, 1990-2019. Findings from the global burden of disease study.Obesity science & practice · 2024Article
- Review
- NASH/NAFLD-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Added Burden.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A Review of Incidence and Related Risk Factors in the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Cureus · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundQuestions remain about the dose-response relationship between body mass index (BMI) and primary liver cancer (PLC) risk, possible confounding by hepatitis virus infection, and differences by gender or geographic location. We performed a meta-analysis of prospective studies to explore these issues.
methodsWe searched PubMed and Embase for studies of BMI and risk of PLC through November 30, 2011. Summary relative risks with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random effects model.
resultsA total of 21 prospective studies (including 17,624 PLC cases) were included in our analysis. The summary relative risk for a 5-unit increment in BMI (in kg/m(2)) was 1.39 (95% CI: 1.25-1.55), with high heterogeneity. These positive results were robust when stratified by sex, geographic location, ascertainment of exposure and outcome, the number of cases, duration of follow-up, sample source, and cofounders. There was evidence of a nonlinear association between BMI and PLC risk, with the most pronounced increase in risk among persons with a BMI >32 kg/m(2). Patients with hepatitis C virus or cirrhosis (but not patients with hepatitis B virus) with excess weight had a higher risk of PLC development than general populations with excess weight.
conclusionExcess weight increases PLC risk. For people with HCV infection or cirrhosis, risk increases are greater than for general population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.