SynthesisEpidemiology and infection2013
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to diagnose human leptospirosis: a meta-analysis of the published literature.
Synthesis in Epidemiology and infection, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prevalence of leptospirosis among soldiers: A systematic review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Diagnostic accuracy of leptospirosis whole-cell lateral flow assays: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2019Pooled it
- Clinico-Epidemiological Profile of Leptospirosis Among Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Center in Rajasthan.Cureus · 2026Article
- Advances in ELISA-based detection of equine leptospirosis.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2026Article
- Systematic review and meta-analysis on the diagnostic accuracy of various detection methods for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.Porcine health management · 2026Article
- Development of leptospiral virulence-modifying protein detection assay: implications for pathogenesis and diagnostic test development.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Human leptospirosis in the central division of Fiji: a retrospective epidemiological study.Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · 2025Article
- Leptospirosis.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2025Review
- Into the spotlight: A spatial study of potentially underreported leptospirosis among dengue-negative patients in São Paulo city, Brazil.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- Leptospirosis seroprevalence and risk factors among slaughterhouse workers in Burkina Faso.IJID regions · 2023Article
- Diagnostic method-based underestimation of leptospirosis in clinical and research settings; an experience from a large prospective study in a high endemic setting.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Role of Diagnostics in Epidemiology, Management, Surveillance, and Control of Leptospirosis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Leptospirosis as a cause of fever associated with jaundice in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Seroprevalence of Leptospirosis among High-Risk Individuals in Morocco.Interdisciplinary perspectives on infectious diseases · 2020Article
- An unusual case of fulminant leptospiral myocarditis: a case report.European heart journal. Case reports · 2019Article
- Evaluation of different serological assays for early diagnosis of leptospirosis in Martinique (French West Indies).PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2017Article
- Risk factors for leptospirosis seropositivity in slaughterhouse workers in western Kenya.Occupational and environmental medicine · 2017Article
- Evaluation of two immunodiagnostic tests for early rapid diagnosis of leptospirosis in Sri Lanka: a preliminary study.BMC infectious diseases · 2015Article
- Current immunological and molecular tools for leptospirosis: diagnostics, vaccine design, and biomarkers for predicting severity.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We report an evaluation of the accuracy of ELISA for the detection of Leptospira-specific antibodies in humans. Eighty-eight studies published in 35 articles met all inclusion criteria and were submitted to meta-analysis. Pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0·779 (95% CI 0·770-0·789) and 0·913 (95% CI 0·908-0·917), respectively, and the area under the curve was 0·964. Heterogeneity across studies was statistically significant, but none of the sources of heterogeneity (disease stage, antigen used, antibody detected) could fully explain this finding. Although the convalescent stage of disease was significantly associated with higher diagnostic accuracy, IgM ELISA was the best choice, regardless of the stage of disease. Negative ELISAs (IgG or IgM) applied in the acute phase do not rule out leptospirosis due to the possibility of false-negative results. In this case it is advisable to request a second blood sample or to apply a direct method for leptospiral DNA.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.