ArticlePloS one2012
Photo-oxidation products of skin surface squalene mediate metabolic and inflammatory responses to solar UV in human keratinocytes.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Effects of Plant Meristem-Cell-Based Cosmetics on Menopausal Skin: Clinical Data and Mechanisms.Biomolecules · 2024Trial
- Skin Antiageing and Systemic Redox Effects of Supplementation with Marine Collagen Peptides and Plant-Derived Antioxidants: A Single-Blind Case-Control Clinical Study.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2016Trial
- Camellia-Derived Bioactive Compounds: Research Advances and Application Prospects in Dermatology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Ultraviolet Light Protection: Is It Really Enough?Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- The Enigma of AHR Activation in the Skin: Interplay among Ligands, Metabolism, and Bioavailability.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2021Article
- The Skin Epilipidome in Stress, Aging, and Inflammation.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Review
- Xenobiotic Receptors and Their Mates in Atopic Dermatitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Integrative genomic analysis identifies associations of molecular alterations to APOBEC and BRCA1/2 mutational signatures in breast cancer.Molecular genetics & genomic medicine · 2019Article
- Inflammation: A key process in skin tumorigenesis.Oncology letters · 2019Review
- Protective Effect of Baicalin Against TLR4-mediated UVA-induced Skin Inflammation.Photochemistry and photobiology · 2019Article
- The effect of aging in primary human dermal fibroblasts.PloS one · 2019Article
- Natural Substances for Prevention of Skin Photoaging: Screening Systems in the Development of Sunscreen and Rejuvenation Cosmetics.Rejuvenation research · 2018Article
- Allelic variants of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor differentially influence UVB-mediated skin inflammatory responses in SKH1 mice.Toxicology · 2018Article
- Tryptophan Photoproduct FICZ Upregulates IL1A, IL1B, and IL6 Expression via Oxidative Stress in Keratinocytes.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2018Article
- Protein Tyrosine Signaling and its Potential Therapeutic Implications in Carcinogenesis.Current pharmaceutical design · 2017Review
- Editor's Highlight: Ah Receptor Activation Potentiates Neutrophil Chemoattractant (C-X-C Motif) Ligand 5 Expression in Keratinocytes and Skin.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2017Article
- Meristem Plant Cells as a Sustainable Source of Redox Actives for Skin Rejuvenation.Biomolecules · 2017Review
- HELZ2 Is an IFN Effector Mediating Suppression of Dengue Virus.Frontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
- Exploration of scalp surface lipids reveals squalene peroxide as a potential actor in dandruff condition.Archives of dermatological research · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
unlabelledThe study aimed to identify endogenous lipid mediators of metabolic and inflammatory responses of human keratinocytes to solar UV irradiation. Physiologically relevant doses of solar simulated UVA+UVB were applied to human skin surface lipids (SSL) or to primary cultures of normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK). The decay of photo-sensitive lipid-soluble components, alpha-tocopherol, squalene (Sq), and cholesterol in SSL was analysed and products of squalene photo-oxidation (SqPx) were quantitatively isolated from irradiated SSL. When administered directly to NHEK, low-dose solar UVA+UVB induced time-dependent inflammatory and metabolic responses. To mimic UVA+UVB action, NHEK were exposed to intact or photo-oxidised SSL, Sq or SqPx, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), and the product of tryptophan photo-oxidation 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ). FICZ activated exclusively metabolic responses characteristic for UV, i.e. the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) machinery and downstream CYP1A1/CYP1B1 gene expression, while 4-HNE slightly stimulated inflammatory UV markers IL-6, COX-2, and iNOS genes. On contrast, SqPx induced the majority of metabolic and inflammatory responses characteristic for UVA+UVB, acting via AhR, EGFR, and G-protein-coupled arachidonic acid receptor (G2A). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our findings indicate that Sq could be a primary sensor of solar UV irradiation in human SSL, and products of its photo-oxidation mediate/induce metabolic and inflammatory responses of keratinocytes to UVA+UVB, which could be relevant for skin inflammation in the sun-exposed oily skin.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.