ArticleMolecular cancer research : MCR2012
SINE retrotransposons cause epigenetic reprogramming of adjacent gene promoters.
Article in Molecular cancer research : MCR, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.
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58 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The Role of Non-LTR Retrotransposons in Sterile Inflammation: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Synergistic intragenic epigenetic deregulation by IDH2 and SRSF2 mutations causes mis-splicing of key transcriptional regulators.Science advances · 2026Article
- A 280 bp SINE insertion within the pig PLA2G16 could potentially modify gene expression through integration with its transcript.Journal of applied genetics · 2025Article
- Identification of FLYWCH1 as a regulator of platinum-resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer.NAR cancer · 2025Article
- Impact of the 294 bp SINE Insertion in 5'UTR of theAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Identification and Characterization of LINE and SINE Retrotransposons in the African Hedgehog (Genes · 2025Article
- Transposons disrupt genomic stability and trigger cancers.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- SETDB1 regulates short interspersed nuclear elements and chromatin loop organization in mouse neural precursor cells.Genome biology · 2024Article
- Genome-wide screening and functional validation of methylation barriers near promoters.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- Dissection of figured wood trait in curly birch (Betula pendula Roth var. carelica (Mercklin) Hämet-Ahti) using high-throughput genotyping.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Stage-specific dynamic reorganization of genome topology shapes transcriptional neighborhoods in developing human retinal organoids.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Non-pathogenic microbiota accelerate age-related CpG Island methylation in colonic mucosa.Epigenetics · 2023Article
- Insertion of 643bp Retrotransposon Upstream ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Article
- The landscape of accessible chromatin in quiescent cardiac fibroblasts and cardiac fibroblasts activated after myocardial infarction.Epigenetics · 2022Article
- The Role of Transposable Elements of the Human Genome in Neuronal Function and Pathology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Transcriptional Alterations in X-Linked Dystonia-Parkinsonism Caused by the SVA Retrotransposon.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Tet enzymes are essential for early embryogenesis and completion of embryonic genome activation.EMBO reports · 2022Article
- The roles of DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation at short interspersed nuclear elements in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus during puberty.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Almost half of the human genome and as much as 40% of the mouse genome is composed of repetitive DNA sequences. The majority of these repeats are retrotransposons of the SINE and LINE families, and such repeats are generally repressed by epigenetic mechanisms. It has been proposed that these elements can act as methylation centers from which DNA methylation spreads into gene promoters in cancer. Contradictory to a methylation center function, we have found that retrotransposons are enriched near promoter CpG islands that stay methylation-free in cancer. Clearly, it is important to determine which influence, if any, these repetitive elements have on nearby gene promoters. Using an in vitro system, we confirm here that SINE B1 elements can influence the activity of downstream gene promoters, with acquisition of DNA methylation and loss of activating histone marks, thus resulting in a repressed state. SINE sequences themselves did not immediately acquire DNA methylation but were marked by H3K9me2 and H3K27me3. Moreover, our bisulfite sequencing data did not support that gain of DNA methylation in gene promoters occurred by methylation spreading from SINE B1 repeats. Genome-wide analysis of SINE repeats distribution showed that their enrichment is directly correlated with the presence of USF1, USF2, and CTCF binding, proteins with insulator function. In summary, our work supports the concept that SINE repeats interfere negatively with gene expression and that their presence near gene promoters is counter-selected, except when the promoter is protected by an insulator element.
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