Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22949631›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2012

Biased inheritance of the protein PatN frees vegetative cells to initiate patterned heterocyst differentiation.

Douglas D Risser, Francis C Y Wong, John C Meeks

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Inheritance of extraordinary metabolic activity from parental bacteria individuals.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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  4. Article
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  8. A proteolytic pathway coordinates cell division and heterocyst differentiation in the cyanobacteriumProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022
    Article
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  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. The cyanobacterial taxis protein HmpF regulates type IV pilus activity in response to light.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021
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  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Journal of bacteriology · 2019
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Douglas D RisserDepartment of Microbiology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Francis C Y Wong
John C Meeks
University of California, Davis · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Heterocysts, cells specialized for nitrogen fixation in certain filamentous cyanobacteria, appear singly in a nonrandom spacing pattern along the chain of vegetative cells. A two-stage, biased initiation and competitive resolution model has been proposed to explain the establishment of this spacing pattern. There is substantial evidence that competitive resolution of a subset of cells initiating differentiation occurs by interactions between a self-enhancing activator protein, HetR, and a diffusible pentapeptide inhibitor PatS-5 (RGSGR). Results presented here show that the absence of a unique membrane protein, PatN, in Nostoc punctiforme strain ATCC 29133 leads to a threefold increase in heterocyst frequency and a fourfold decrease in the vegetative cell interval between heterocysts. A PatN-GFP translational fusion shows a pattern of biased inheritance in daughter vegetative cells of ammonium-grown cultures. Inactivation of another heterocyst patterning gene, patA, is epistatic to inactivation of patN, and transcription of patA increases in a patN-deletion strain, implying that patN may function by modulating levels of patA. The presence of PatN is hypothesized to decrease the competency of a vegetative cell to initiate heterocyst differentiation, and the cellular concentration of PatN is dependent on cell division that results in cells transiently depleted of PatN. We suggest that biased inheritance of cell-fate determinants is a phylogenetic domain-spanning paradigm in the development of biological patterns.

Indexed as

Bacterial ProteinsCell DifferentiationCell LineageCyanobacteriaDNA, ComplementaryEpistasis, GeneticGene DeletionGene Expression Regulation, BacterialGreen Fluorescent ProteinsMembrane ProteinsMicroscopy, FluorescenceNitrogen FixationNostocOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisOpen Reading FramesPhenotypeBacterial ProteinsDNA, ComplementaryGreen Fluorescent ProteinsMembrane Proteins

Identifiers

PMID22949631
PMCPMC3458313
OpenAlexW2073621202

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.