ArticleAIDS (London, England)2012
Breast milk cellular HIV-specific interferon γ responses are associated with protection from peripartum HIV transmission.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- NK Cell Activity and CD57Frontiers in immunology · 2020Trial
- Anellovirus constraint from 2 to 6 months postpartum followed by betatorquevirus and gammatorquevirus dominance in serum and milk.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- NK cells from Men Who Have Sex with Men at high risk for HIV-1 infection exhibit higher effector capacity.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- IFNγ is a central node of cancer immune equilibrium.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Through Breastfeeding Improving Awareness and Education: A Short Narrative Review.International journal of women's health · 2022Review
- Understanding Viral and Immune Interplay During Vertical Transmission of HIV: Implications for Cure.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- HIV diagnostic challenges in breast-fed infants of mothers on antiretroviral therapy.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Article
- Pediatric HIV-1 Acquisition and Lifelong Consequences of Infant Infection.Current immunology reviews · 2019Article
- TLR10 Senses HIV-1 Proteins and Significantly Enhances HIV-1 Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Marginal Effects of Systemic CCR5 Blockade with Maraviroc on Oral Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission to Infant Macaques.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- NK Cells in HIV-1 Infection: From Basic Science to Vaccine Strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Host Molecular Factors and Viral Genotypes in the Mother-to-Child HIV-1 Transmission in Sub-Saharan Africa.Journal of public health in Africa · 2017Review
- Breastfeeding Behaviors and the Innate Immune System of Human Milk: Working Together to Protect Infants against Inflammation, HIV-1, and Other Infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- Sex-Related Differences in Inflammatory and Immune Activation Markers Before and After Combined Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2016Article
- Article
- Tuberculosis interferon-gamma responses in the breast milk of human immunodeficiency virus infected mothers.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2015Article
- The role of cell-associated virus in mother-to-child HIV transmission.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2014Review
- Natural killer cell and T-cell subset distributions and activation influence susceptibility to perinatal HIV-1 infection.AIDS (London, England) · 2014Article
- The Significance of Interferon-γ in HIV-1 Pathogenesis, Therapy, and Prophylaxis.Frontiers in immunology · 2014Review
- Immunology of pediatric HIV infection.Immunological reviews · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveBreast milk is a major route of infant HIV infection, yet the majority of breast-fed, HIV-exposed infants escape infection by unknown mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate the role of HIV-specific breast milk cells in preventing infant HIV infection.
designA prospective study was designed to measure associations between maternal breast milk HIV-specific interferon-γ (IFN-γ) responses and infant HIV-1 detection at 1 month of age.
methodsIn a Kenyan cohort of HIV-infected mothers, blood and breast milk HIV-gag IFN-γ ELISpot responses were measured. Logistic regression was used to measure associations between breast milk IFN-γ responses and infant HIV infection at 1 month of age.
resultsIFN-γ responses were detected in breast milk from 117 of 170 (69%) women. IFN-γ responses were associated with breast milk viral load, levels of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP) 1α, MIP-1β, regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed, and secreted and stromal-cell derived factor 1 and subclinical mastitis. Univariate factors associated with infant HIV infection at 1 month postpartum included both detection and breadth of breast milk IFN-γ response (P = 0.08, P = 0.04, respectively), breast milk MIP-1β detection (P = 0.05), and plasma (P = 0.004) and breast milk (P = 0.004) viral load. In multivariate analyses adjusting for breast milk viral load and MIP-1β, breast milk IFN-γ responses were associated with an approximately 70% reduction in infant HIV infection [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.092-0.91], and each additional peptide pool targeted was associated with an approximately 35% reduction in infant HIV (aOR 0.65, 95% CI 0.44-0.97).
conclusionThese data show breast milk HIV-gag-specific IFN-γ cellular immune responses are prevalent and may contribute to protection from early HIV transmission. More broadly, these data suggest breast milk cellular responses are potentially influential in decreasing mother-to-child transmission of viruses.
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