ArticleHeredity2012
Positional cloning of rp2 QTL associates the P450 genes CYP6Z1, CYP6Z3 and CYP6M7 with pyrethroid resistance in the malaria vector Anopheles funestus.
Article in Heredity, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- A multi-omic meta-analysis reveals novel mechanisms of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors.Communications biology · 2025Pooled it
- The impact of pyrethroid resistance on the efficacy of insecticide-treated bed nets against African anopheline mosquitoes: systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2014Pooled it
- Chlorfenapyr bednets effectively overcome pyrethroid resistance escalation in highly resistant Anopheles malaria vectors in Uganda.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Evidence of microbiome contribution to the escalation of pyrethroid resistance in the major malaria vectors Anopheles gambiae s.s. and Anopheles funestus s.s.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Temporal evolution of insecticide resistance and bionomics in Anopheles funestus, a key malaria vector in Uganda.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Pyrethroid resistance and gene expression profile of a new resistantWellcome open research · 2024Article
- The effect of blood feeding on insecticide resistance intensity and adult longevity in the major malaria vector Anopheles funestus (Diptera: Culicidae).Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Ecological plasticity to ions concentration determines genetic response and dominance of Anopheles coluzzii larvae in urban coastal habitats of Central Africa.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- From Global to Local-New Insights into Features of Pyrethroid Detoxification in Vector Mosquitoes.Insects · 2021Review
- Towards understanding transfluthrin efficacy in a pyrethroid-resistant strain of the malaria vectorCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2021Article
- Article
- Investigating the molecular basis of multiple insecticide resistance in a major malaria vector Anopheles funestus (sensu stricto) from Akaka-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- Article
- Review of malaria situation in Cameroon: technical viewpoint on challenges and prospects for disease elimination.Parasites & vectors · 2019Review
- Molecular basis of permethrin and DDT resistance in an Anopheles funestus population from Benin.Parasites & vectors · 2018Article
- Genetic variation associated with increased insecticide resistance in the malaria mosquito, Anopheles coluzzii.Parasites & vectors · 2018Article
- Investigating knockdown resistance (kdr) mechanism against pyrethroids/DDT in the malaria vector Anopheles funestus across Africa.BMC genetics · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles funestus is threatening malaria control in Africa. Elucidation of underlying resistance mechanisms is crucial to improve the success of future control programs. A positional cloning approach was used to identify genes conferring resistance in the uncharacterised rp2 quantitative trait locus (QTL) previously detected in this vector using F6 advanced intercross lines (AIL). A 113 kb BAC clone spanning rp2 was identified and sequenced revealing a cluster of 15 P450 genes and one salivary protein gene (SG7-2). Contrary to A. gambiae, AfCYP6M1 is triplicated in A. funestus, while AgCYP6Z2 orthologue is absent. Five hundred and sixty-five new single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified for genetic mapping from rp2 P450s and other genes revealing high genetic polymorphisms with one SNP every 36 bp. A significant genotype/phenotype association was detected for rp2 P450s but not for a cluster of cuticular protein genes previously associated with resistance in A. gambiae. QTL mapping using F6 AIL confirms the rp2 QTL with an increase logarithm of odds score of 5. Multiplex gene expression profiling of 15 P450s and other genes around rp2 followed by individual validation using qRT-PCR indicated a significant overexpression in the resistant FUMOZ-R strain of the P450s AfCYP6Z1, AfCYP6Z3, AfCYP6M7 and the glutathione-s-transferase GSTe2 with respective fold change of 11.2, 6.3, 5.5 and 2.8. Polymorphisms analysis of AfCYP6Z1 and AfCYP6Z3 identified amino acid changes potentially associated with resistance further indicating that these genes are controlling the pyrethroid resistance explained by the rp2 QTL. The characterisation of this rp2 QTL significantly improves our understanding of resistance mechanisms in A. funestus.
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