Trial reportAmerican journal of epidemiology2012
Effectiveness of adjuvanted influenza vaccination in elderly subjects in northern Italy.
Trial report in American journal of epidemiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03694808 (Non-inferiority Study of Adjuvanted vs. High Dose Flu Vaccine in Residents of Long Term Care), which is not on this map. Cited by 74 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Non-inferiority Study of Adjuvanted vs. High Dose Flu Vaccine in Residents of Long Term Care
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 169 citations in OpenAlex.
- Relative Efficacy, Effectiveness and Safety of Newer and/or Enhanced Seasonal Influenza Vaccines for the Prevention of Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza in Individuals Aged 18 years and Over: Update of a Systematic Review.Reviews in medical virology · 2025Pooled it
- Protection against influenza hospitalizations from enhanced influenza vaccines among older adults: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2024Pooled it
- The burden of seasonal influenza in Italy: A systematic review of influenza-related complications, hospitalizations, and mortality.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2022Pooled it
- Effectiveness of the MF59-adjuvanted trivalent or quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccine among adults 65 years of age or older, a systematic review and meta-analysis.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2021Pooled it
- Prevention and Control of Seasonal Influenza with Vaccines: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices - United States, 2019-20 Influenza Season.MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2019Guideline
- Comparative Immunogenicity of Enhanced Seasonal Influenza Vaccines in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Pooled it
- Effectiveness of influenza vaccines in preventing severe influenza illness among adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of test-negative design case-control studies.The Journal of infection · 2017Pooled it
- Immunogenicity of High-Dose Versus MF59-Adjuvanted Versus Standard Influenza Vaccine in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: The Swiss/Spanish Trial in Solid Organ Transplantation on Prevention of Influenza (STOP-FLU Trial).Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2024Trial
- Correlates of Protection against Influenza in the Elderly: Results from an Influenza Vaccine Efficacy Trial.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2016Trial
- Safety, immunogenicity, and tolerability of three influenza vaccines in older adults: results of a randomized, controlled comparison.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2013Trial
- Maximizing public health benefits: Policy perspectives on coverage and cell-based influenza vaccines in the US.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Estimated Vaccine Effectiveness for Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Related Acute Respiratory Illness in Older Adults: Findings From the First Postlicensure Season.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
- Ageing with HIV-1: immunological challenges for effective vaccination.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2025Review
- The Evolution of Annual Immunization Recommendations Against Influenza in Italy: The Path to Precision Vaccination.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Intranasal Epitope-Polymer Vaccine Lodges Resident Memory T Cells Protecting Against Influenza Virus.Advanced healthcare materials · 2024Article
- Recommendations for Adult Immunization by the Korean Society of Infectious Diseases, 2023: Minor Revisions to the 3rd Edition.Infection & chemotherapy · 2024Review
- Effectiveness of the Sanofi/GSK (VidPrevtyn Beta) and Pfizer-BioNTech (Comirnaty Original/Omicron BA.4-5) bivalent vaccines against hospitalisation in England.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- Rollout of the 2022/2023 Seasonal Influenza Vaccination and Correlates of the Use of Enhanced Vaccines among Italian Adults.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Review
- Cost-effectiveness for high dose quadrivalent versus the adjuvanted quadrivalent influenza vaccine in the Italian older adult population.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although vaccination against influenza is recommended for elderly and high-risk patients in many countries, efficacy in the elderly has been suboptimal. The MF59 adjuvanted trivalent inactivated vaccine (ATIV) was developed to increase the immune response of elderly subjects to influenza vaccination, but its effectiveness has not yet been well documented. This prospective, observational study evaluated the relative effectiveness of ATIV versus nonadjuvanted trivalent inactivated vaccine (TIV) in individuals at least 65 years of age in Lombardy, northern Italy. Hospitalizations for influenza or pneumonia (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification, codes 480-487) during the 2006-2007, 2007-2008, and 2008-2009 influenza seasons were identified from administrative databases. Stratified and regression analyses, including the propensity score to adjust for confounding, as well as generalized estimating equations to account for repeated vaccination, were used. Overall, 107,661 records were evaluated, contributing 170,988 person-seasons of observation. Since ATIV is preferentially recommended for more frail individuals, subjects vaccinated with ATIV were older and had more functional impairment and comorbidities. In the primary analysis, risk of hospitalization for influenza or pneumonia was 25% lower for ATIV relative to TIV (relative risk = 0.75, 95% confidence interval: 0.57, 0.98). To the extent that there is residual bias, ATIV is likely to be even more protective than this result suggests.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.