ArticleVirology2012
West Nile virus growth is independent of autophagy activation.
Article in Virology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Cellular Responses to Flavivirus Infections: Stress Signaling at the Crossroads of Host Defense and Virus Infection.Viruses · 2026Review
- A Focus on Natural Autophagy Modulators as Potential Host-Directed Weapons Against Emerging and Re-Emerging Viruses.Medicinal research reviews · 2025Review
- Usutu virus NS4A induces autophagy and is targeted by the selective autophagy receptor p62/SQSTM1 for degradation.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Orthoflavivirus infection and the mTOR signaling pathway.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Article
- Therapeutic role of mTOR inhibitors in control of SARS-CoV-2 viral replication.Molecular biology reports · 2023Review
- Non-cytopathic bovine viral diarrhoea virus 2 induces autophagy to enhance its replication.Veterinary medicine and science · 2023Article
- In human astrocytes neurotropic flaviviruses increase autophagy, yet their replication is autophagy-independent.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2022Article
- Alpha-synuclein supports type 1 interferon signalling in neurons and brain tissue.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2022Article
- mTOR as a Potential Target for the Treatment of Microbial Infections, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, and Colorectal Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Review
- Virus, Exosome, and MicroRNA: New Insights into Autophagy.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2022Article
- Crosstalk between mitophagy and innate immunity in viral infection.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Pathogenicity and virulence of West Nile virus revisited eight decades after its first isolation.Virulence · 2021Article
- Intrinsic Innate Immune Responses Control Viral Growth and Protect against Neuronal Death in anJournal of virology · 2021Article
- Review
- Akt Kinase Intervenes in Flavivirus Replication by Interacting with Viral Protein NS5.Viruses · 2021Article
- mTOR inhibition in COVID-19: A commentary and review of efficacy in RNA viruses.Journal of medical virology · 2021Review
- Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Signaling Activation Antagonizes Autophagy To Facilitate Zika Virus Replication.Journal of virology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) is an arthropod-borne virus with a worldwide distribution that causes neurologic disease and death. Autophagy is a cellular homeostatic mechanism involved in antiviral responses but can be subverted to support viral growth as well. We show that autophagy is induced by WNV infection in cell culture and in primary neuron cultures. Following WNV infection, lysosomes co-localize with autophagosomes resulting in LC3B-II turnover and autolysosomal acidification. However, activation or inhibition of autophagy has no significant effect on WNV growth but pharmacologic inhibition of PI3 kinases associated with autophagy reduce WNV growth. Basal levels of p62/sequestosome1(SQSTM1) do not significantly change following WNV-induced autophagy activation, but p62 is turned over or degraded by autophagy activation implying that p62 expression is increased following WNV-infection. These data show that WNV-induces autophagy but viral growth is independent of autophagy activation suggesting that WNV-specific interactions with autophagy have diverged from other flaviviruses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.