ArticleJournal of virology2012
Ultrasensitive allele-specific PCR reveals rare preexisting drug-resistant variants and a large replicating virus population in macaques infected with a simian immunodeficiency virus containing human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase.
Article in Journal of virology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Low-frequency nevirapine (NVP)-resistant HIV-1 variants are not associated with failure of antiretroviral therapy in women without prior exposure to single-dose NVP.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2014Trial
- Ultrasensitive single-genome sequencing reveals strong purifying selection in acute HIV-1 infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Contingency and Entrenchment of Drug-Resistance Mutations in HIV Viral Proteins.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2022Article
- The clarifying role of time series data in the population genetics of HIV.PLoS genetics · 2021Article
- Drug Resistance Evolution in HIV in the Late 1990s: Hard Sweeps, Soft Sweeps, Clonal Interference and the Accumulation of Drug Resistance Mutations.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Article
- HIV evolution and diversity in ART-treated patients.Retrovirology · 2018Review
- Article
- Low Frequency of Drug-Resistant Variants Selected by Long-Acting Rilpivirine in Macaques Infected with Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Containing HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2015Article
- Effect of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) administration on the residual virus pool in a model of combination antiretroviral therapy-mediated suppression in SIVmac239-infected indian rhesus macaques.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2014Article
- Fifteen years later: hard and soft selection sweeps confirm a large population number for HIV in vivo.PLoS genetics · 2014Article
- Loss and recovery of genetic diversity in adapting populations of HIV.PLoS genetics · 2014Article
- Article
- Development and customization of a color-coded microbeads-based assay for drug resistance in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.PloS one · 2014Article
- Quantifying selection against synonymous mutations in HIV-1 env evolution.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- Simultaneous detection of major drug resistance mutations in the protease and reverse transcriptase genes for HIV-1 subtype C by use of a multiplex allele-specific assay.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2013Article
- Robust suppression of env-SHIV viremia in Macaca nemestrina by 3-drug ART is independent of timing of initiation during chronic infection.Journal of medical primatology · 2013Article
- Considerations in the development of nonhuman primate models of combination antiretroviral therapy for studies of AIDS virus suppression, residual virus, and curative strategies.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2013Review
- Inferring HIV Escape Rates from Multi-Locus Genotype Data.Frontiers in immunology · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
It has been proposed that most drug-resistant mutants, resulting from a single-nucleotide change, exist at low frequency in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) populations in vivo prior to the initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). To test this hypothesis and to investigate the emergence of resistant mutants with drug selection, we developed a new ultrasensitive allele-specific PCR (UsASP) assay, which can detect drug resistance mutations at a frequency of ≥0.001% of the virus population. We applied this assay to plasma samples obtained from macaques infected with an SIV variant containing HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) (RT-simian-human immunodeficiency [SHIV](mne)), before and after they were exposed to a short course of efavirenz (EFV) monotherapy. We detected RT inhibitor (RTI) resistance mutations K65R and M184I but not K103N in 2 of 2 RT-SHIV-infected macaques prior to EFV exposure. After three doses over 4 days of EFV monotherapy, 103N mutations (AAC and AAT) rapidly emerged and increased in the population to levels of ∼20%, indicating that they were present prior to EFV exposure. The rapid increase of 103N mutations from <0.001% to 20% of the viral population indicates that the replicating virus population size in RT-SHIV-infected macaques must be 10(6) or more infected cells per replication cycle.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.