ArticlePlant physiology2012
Vacuolar CAX1 and CAX3 influence auxin transport in guard cells via regulation of apoplastic pH.
Article in Plant physiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Salmonella enterica exploits the auxin signaling pathway to overcome stomatal immunity.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- The fluorescent probe DISBAC2(3) provides a high-throughput screening tool for evaluating abiotic stress tolerance in plants.Plant physiology · 2025Article
- Harnessing the acid growth theory to optimize apoplastic acidification for enhancing cotton fiber elongation.Plant communications · 2025Article
- Rhizosphere microorganisms mediate ion homeostasis in cucumber seedlings: a new strategy to improve plant salt tolerance.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Potassium extrusion by plant cells: evolution from an emergency valve to a driver of long-distance transport.The New phytologist · 2025Review
- Evolutionary dynamics of the calcium/cation antiporter superfamily in Brassicaceae: codon usage, selection pressure, andFrontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- Dual role of pectin methyl esterase activity in the regulation of plant cell wall biophysical properties.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- Cellular calcium homeostasis and regulation of its dynamic perturbation.Quantitative plant biology · 2025Review
- Comparative Analysis of CaPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Environmental alkalization suppresses deployment of virulence strategies inJournal of bacteriology · 2024Article
- Acidic Stress Induces Cytosolic Free Calcium Oscillation, and an Appropriate Low pH Helps Maintain the Circadian Clock in Arabidopsis.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The brassinosteroid receptor StBRI1 promotes tuber development by enhancing plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity in potato.The Plant cell · 2024Article
- HPlanta · 2024Article
- Marker and readout genes for defense priming in Pseudomonas cannabina pv. alisalensis interaction aid understanding systemic immunity in Arabidopsis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Single-Cell Transcriptome Atlas and Regulatory Dynamics in Developing Cotton Anthers.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Auxin as an architect of the pectin matrix.Journal of experimental botany · 2023Review
- SAUR15 interaction with BRI1 activates plasma membrane H+-ATPase to promote organ development of Arabidopsis.Plant physiology · 2022Article
- Green Tea Catechins, (-)-Catechin Gallate, and (-)-Gallocatechin Gallate are Potent Inhibitors of ABA-Induced Stomatal Closure.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2022Article
- Long-distance mobile mRNA CAX3 modulates iron uptake and zinc compartmentalization.EMBO reports · 2022Article
- Guard-cell phytochromes impact seedling photomorphogenesis and rosette leaf morphology.microPublication biology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
CATION EXCHANGERs CAX1 and CAX3 are vacuolar ion transporters involved in ion homeostasis in plants. Widely expressed in the plant, they mediate calcium transport from the cytosol to the vacuole lumen using the proton gradient across the tonoplast. Here, we report an unexpected role of CAX1 and CAX3 in regulating apoplastic pH and describe how they contribute to auxin transport using the guard cell's response as readout of hormone signaling and cross talk. We show that indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) inhibition of abscisic acid (ABA)-induced stomatal closure is impaired in cax1, cax3, and cax1/cax3. These mutants exhibited constitutive hypopolarization of the plasma membrane, and time-course analyses of membrane potential revealed that IAA-induced hyperpolarization of the plasma membrane is also altered in these mutants. Both ethylene and 1-naphthalene acetic acid inhibited ABA-triggered stomatal closure in cax1, cax3, and cax1/cax3, suggesting that auxin signaling cascades were functional and that a defect in IAA transport caused the phenotype of the cax mutants. Consistent with this finding, chemical inhibition of AUX1 in wild-type plants phenocopied the cax mutants. We also found that cax1/cax3 mutants have a higher apoplastic pH than the wild type, further supporting the hypothesis that there is a defect in IAA import in the cax mutants. Accordingly, we were able to fully restore IAA inhibition of ABA-induced stomatal closure in cax1, cax3, and cax1/cax3 when stomatal movement assays were carried out at a lower extracellular pH. Our results suggest a network linking the vacuolar cation exchangers to apoplastic pH maintenance that plays a crucial role in cellular processes.
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