ArticlePloS one2012
Blunted IL17/IL22 and pro-inflammatory cytokine responses in the genital tract and blood of HIV-exposed, seronegative female sex workers in Kenya.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phenotype and susceptibility to HIV infection of CD4+ Th17 cells in the human female reproductive tract.Mucosal immunology · 2014Trial
- HIV Transmission and Immunology of the Male Reproductive Tract.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- Article
- Are violence, harmful alcohol/substance use and poor mental health associated with increased genital inflammation?: A longitudinal cohort study with HIV-negative female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Gut microbiome dysbiosis in men who have sex with men increases HIV infection risk through immunity homeostasis alteration.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Intestinal Immune Development Is Accompanied by Temporal Deviation in Microbiota Composition of Newly Hatched Pigeon Squabs.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Review
- The Role of IL-17 During Infections in the Female Reproductive Tract.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- IL-17A reprograms intestinal epithelial cells to facilitate HIV-1 replication and outgrowth in CD4+ T cells.iScience · 2021Article
- Betamethasone induces potent immunosuppression and reduces HIV infection in a PBMC in vitro model.Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research · 2021Article
- Microbial mismanagement: how inadequate treatments for vaginal dysbiosis drive the HIV epidemic in women.Seminars in immunology · 2021Review
- Inflammation, HIV, and Immune Quiescence: Leveraging on Immunomodulatory Products to Reduce HIV Susceptibility.AIDS research and treatment · 2020Review
- Systemic inflammation is elevated among both HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected young MSM.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Article
- Impact of HIV-ART on the restoration of Th17 and Treg cells in blood and female genital mucosa.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Impact of Endemic Infections on HIV Susceptibility in Sub-Saharan Africa.Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines · 2019Review
- Article
- The biology of how circumcision reduces HIV susceptibility: broader implications for the prevention field.AIDS research and therapy · 2017Review
- Highly Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Exposed Seronegative Men Have Lower Mucosal Innate Immune Reactivity.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2017Article
- HIV-1-negative female sex workers sustain high cervical IFNɛ, low immune activation, and low expression of HIV-1-required host genes.Mucosal immunology · 2016Article
- HIV-1-exposed seronegative individuals show alteration in TLR expression and pro-inflammatory cytokine production ex vivo: An innate immune quiescence status?Immunologic research · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIdentifying the immune correlates of reduced susceptibility to HIV remains a key goal for the HIV vaccine field, and individuals who are HIV-exposed, seronegative (HESN) may offer important clues. Reduced systemic immune activation has been described in HESN individuals. Conversely, pro-inflammatory T cell subsets, particularly CD4+ T cells producing the cytokine IL17 (Th17 cells), may represent a highly susceptible target for HIV infection after sexual exposure. Therefore, we characterized the cellular pro-inflammatory and IL17/IL22 cytokine immune milieu in the genital mucosa and blood of HESN female sex workers (FSWs). METHODS AND
resultsBlinded lab personnel characterized basal and mitogen-induced gene and cytokine immune responses in the cervix and blood of HESN FSWs (n = 116) and non-FSW controls (n = 17) using qPCR and ELISA. IL17 and IL22 production was significantly reduced in both the cervix and blood of HESNs, both in resting cells and after mitogen stimulation. In addition, HESN participants demonstrated blunted production of both pro-inflammatory cytokines and β-chemokines. DISCUSSION AND
conclusionsWe conclude that HIV exposure without infection was associated with blunted IL17/IL22 and pro-inflammatory responses, both systemically and at the site of mucosal HIV exposure. It will be important for further studies to examine the causal nature of the association and to define the cell subsets responsible for these differences.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.