Trial reportDevelopmental medicine and child neurology2012
Acceptability and potential effectiveness of a foot drop stimulator in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy.
Trial report in Developmental medicine and child neurology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Functional Electrical Stimulation on Gait in Children With Hemiplegic and Diplegic Cerebral Palsy
An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Functional Electrical Stimulation Paired With Intensive Therapy to Improve Hand Function in Children With Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Relationship between ankle function and walking ability for children and young adults with cerebral palsy: A systematic review of deficits and targeted interventions.Gait & posture · 2022Pooled it
- A randomized crossover study of functional electrical stimulation during walking in spastic cerebral palsy: the FES on participation (FESPa) trial.BMC pediatrics · 2022Trial
- The orthotic and therapeutic effects following daily community applied functional electrical stimulation in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy: a randomised controlled trial.BMC pediatrics · 2015Trial
- Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) in Adults with Neurological Disorders and Foot Drop: Orthotic and Therapeutic Effects in Short- and Long-Term Users.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Functional electrical stimulation for walking in adults with cerebral palsy: a service evaluation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Review
- The Determination of Assistance-as-Needed Support by an Ankle-Foot Orthosis for Patients with Foot Drop.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Functional Benefit and Orthotic Effect of Dorsiflexion-FES in Children with Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Studying the Research-Practice Gap in Physical Therapies for Cerebral Palsy: Preliminary Outcomes Based on a Survey of Spanish Clinicians.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- A Review of Additive Manufacturing Studies for Producing Customized Ankle-Foot Orthoses.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Neuromuscular electrical stimulation to augment lower limb exercise and mobility in individuals with spastic cerebral palsy: A scoping review.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Evaluation of Individualized Functional Electrical Stimulation-Induced Acute Changes during Walking: A Case Series in Children with Cerebral Palsy.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Advances in neuroprosthetic management of foot drop: a review.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2020Review
- A Scoping Review of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation to Improve Gait in Cerebral Palsy: The Arc of Progress and Future Strategies.Frontiers in neurology · 2019Article
- Kinematic and Functional Gait Changes After the Utilization of a Foot Drop Stimulator in Pediatrics.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Article
- Effects of the combination therapy of tilt sensor functional electrical stimulation and integrated volitional control electrical stimulation on brain activity during the subacute phase following stroke: a feasibility study.Journal of physical therapy science · 2018Article
- Neuromuscular structure of the tibialis anterior muscle for functional electrical stimulation.Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA · 2017Article
- Daily functional electrical stimulation during everyday walking activities improves performance and satisfaction in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled trial.Archives of physiotherapy · 2015Article
- The use of functional electrical stimulation to improve upper limb function in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy: A feasibility study.Journal of rehabilitation and assistive technologies engineeringArticle
- Muscle plasticity and ankle control after repetitive use of a functional electrical stimulation device for foot drop in cerebral palsy.Neurorehabilitation and neural repairArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimAnkle-foot orthoses are the standard of care for foot drop in cerebral palsy (CP), but may overly constrain ankle movement and limit function in those with mild CP. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) may be a less restrictive and more effective alternative, but has rarely been used in CP. The primary objective of this study was to conduct the first trial in CP examining the acceptability and clinical effectiveness of a novel, commercially available device that delivers FES to stimulate ankle dorsiflexion.
methodTwenty-one individuals were enrolled (Gross Motor Function Classification System [GMFCS] levels I and II, mean age 13y 2mo). Gait analyses in FES and non-FES conditions were performed at two walking speeds over a 4 month period of device use. Measures included ankle kinematics and spatiotemporal variables. Differences between conditions were revealed using repeated measures multivariate analyses of variance.
resultsNineteen individuals (nine females, 10 males; mean age 12y 11mo, range 7y 5mo to 19y 11mo; 11 at GMFCS level I, eight at level II) completed the FES intervention, with all but one choosing to continue using FES beyond that phase. Average daily use was 5.6 hours (SD 2.3). Improved dorsiflexion was observed during swing (mean and peak) and at foot-floor contact, with partial preservation of ankle plantarflexion at toe-off when using the FES at self-selected and fast walking speeds. Gait speed was unchanged.
interpretationThis FES device was well accepted and effective for foot drop in those with mild gait impairments from CP.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.