ArticleAmerican journal of respiratory and critical care medicine2012
Children's urinary phthalate metabolites and fractional exhaled nitric oxide in an urban cohort.
Article in American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02688478 (Effects of Phthalate Inhalation on Airway Immunology), which is not on this map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Phthalate Inhalation on Airway Immunology: A Controlled Human Exposure Study
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maternal Phthalate Exposure and Allergic Diseases in Children: A Meta-Analysis and Network Toxicology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Association of Phthalate Exposure with Respiratory and Allergic Symptoms and Type 2 and Non-Type 2 Inflammation: The Hokkaido Study.Environmental science & technology · 2025Article
- Association of environmental pollutants with asthma and allergy, and the mediating role of oxidative stress and immune markers in adolescents.Environmental research · 2025Article
- Association Between Urinary Phthalate Metabolites and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2024Article
- Synthetic Chemicals: What We Have Learned and Still Need to Learn About Their Associations with Childhood Allergy and Asthma.Current environmental health reports · 2023Review
- Association of Metabolites, Nutrients, and Toxins in Maternal and Cord Serum with Asthma, IgE, SPT, FeNO, and Lung Function in Offspring.Metabolites · 2023Article
- A cross sectional pilot study to assess the role of phthalates on respiratory morbidity among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Environmental research · 2023Article
- Phthalate biomarkers and associations with respiratory symptoms and healthcare utilization among low-income urban children with asthma.Environmental research · 2022Article
- The Detrimental Effects of Phthalates on Allergic Diseases.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2022Article
- Multiple Stressor Effects of Radon and Phthalates in Children: Background Information and Future Research.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Review
- The Effects of Air Pollution on the Development of Atopic Disease.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2019Review
- The Role of Environmental Controls in Managing Asthma in Lower-Income Urban Communities.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2019Review
- Children's exposure to phthalates and non-phthalate plasticizers in the home: The TESIE study.Environment international · 2019Article
- Established and Emerging Environmental Contributors to Disparities in Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.Current epidemiology reports · 2018Article
- Reporting to parents on children's exposures to asthma triggers in low-income and public housing, an interview-based case study of ethics, environmental literacy, individual action, and public health benefits.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2018Article
- Exposure to phthalates aggravates pulmonary function and airway inflammation in asthmatic children.PloS one · 2018Article
- Oxidative Stress-Related Genetic Variants May Modify Associations of Phthalate Exposures with Asthma.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2017Article
- Association of Urinary Phthalates with Self-Reported Eye Affliction/Retinopathy in Individuals with Diabetes: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001-2010.Journal of diabetes research · 2016Article
- The Impact of Bisphenol A and Phthalates on Allergy, Asthma, and Immune Function: a Review of Latest Findings.Current environmental health reports · 2015Review
- [Effects of outdoor pollutants on the respiratory health of children].Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
rationalePhthalates are used widely in consumer products. Exposure to several phthalates has been associated with respiratory symptoms and decreased lung function. Associations between children's phthalate exposures and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (Fe(NO)), a biomarker of airway inflammation, have not been examined.
objectivesWe hypothesized that urinary concentrations of four phthalate metabolites would be positively associated with Fe(NO) and that these associations would be stronger among children with seroatopy or wheeze.
methodsIn an urban ongoing birth cohort, 244 children had phthalate metabolites determined in urine collected on the same day as Fe(NO) measurement. Repeated sampling gathered 313 observations between ages 4.9 and 9.1 years. Seroatopy was assessed by specific IgE. Wheeze in the past year was assessed by validated questionnaire. Regression models used generalized estimating equations. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN
resultsLog-unit increases in urinary concentrations of metabolites of diethyl phthalate (DEP) and butylbenzyl phthalate (BBzP) were associated with a 6.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.5-13.1%) and 8.7% (95% CI, 1.9-16.0%) increase in Fe(NO), respectively, adjusting for other phthalate metabolites and potential covariates/confounders. There was no association between concentrations of metabolites of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate or di-n-butyl phthalate and Fe(NO). There was no significant interaction by seroatopy. The BBzP metabolite association was significantly stronger among children who wheeze (P = 0.016).
conclusionsIndependent associations between exposures to DEP and BBzP and Fe(NO) in a cohort of inner-city children were observed. These results suggest that these two ubiquitous phthalates, previously shown to have substantial contributions from inhalation, are positively associated with airway inflammation in children.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.