ArticleAmerican journal of respiratory and critical care medicine2012
Human rhinovirus species and season of infection determine illness severity.
Article in American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 197 papers.
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Who cites it
197 citing papers in PubMed.
- Lower viral loads in subjects with rhinovirus-challenged allergy despite reduced innate immunity.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2022Trial
- The upper-airway microbiota and loss of asthma control among asthmatic children.Nature communications · 2019Trial
- Phylogenetic characterization of rhinoviruses from infants in Sarlahi, Nepal.Journal of medical virology · 2019Trial
- Measuring the Severity of Respiratory Illness in the First 2 Years of Life in Preterm and Term Infants.The Journal of pediatrics · 2019Trial
- Association of rhinovirus species with common cold and asthma symptoms and bacterial pathogens.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2018Trial
- Short-term repeated HRV-16 exposure results in an attenuated immune response in vivo in humans.PloS one · 2018Trial
- Assessment of wheezing frequency and viral etiology on childhood and adolescent asthma risk.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2017Trial
- Acute viral respiratory infections are not associated with an increased IMMune Age indeX (IMMAX) four weeks after infection: a prospective observational cohort study.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2026Article
- Rhinovirus Species in Acute Respiratory Tract Infections and the Risk of Asthma in Children.Pediatric pulmonology · 2026Article
- Age-Related Asymptomatic Rhinovirus Infections Contribute to the Sustained Prevalence in Adults and Are Not Mitigated by Nonpharmaceutical Interventions.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026Article
- The rhinovirus puzzle: Linking virus and host factors to childhood asthma.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Review
- Rhinovirus Infects B and CD4 T Lymphocytes in Hypertrophic Tonsils in Children.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Optimized Propagation and Purification Protocols for Large-Scale Production of Rhinovirus C.Viruses · 2026Article
- Rhinovirus C15 infection induces airway epithelial cell remodeling and robust inflammatory responses: Potential implications for airway obstruction in children.Mucosal immunology · 2025Article
- Respiratory viral coinfections: interactions, mechanisms and clinical implications.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- Surveillance of respiratory viruses in severe acute respiratory infections in Southern Brazil, 2023-2024.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Epidemiology and genotypic diversity of rhinovirus in school-age children with acute respiratory illnesses seeking medical care.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2025Article
- Clinical Significance of Rhinoviruses and Progress Toward Vaccination.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2025Review
- Enteroviruses Activate Cellular Innate Immune Responses Prior to Adaptive Immunity and Tropism Contributes to Severe Viral Pathogenesis.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Unveiling the prevalence and impact of silent rhinovirus infection in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2025Article
137 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleHuman rhinoviruses (HRVs) consist of approximately 160 types that cause a wide range of clinical outcomes, including asymptomatic infections, common colds, and severe lower respiratory illnesses.
objectivesTo identify factors that influence the severity of HRV illnesses.
methodsHRV species and types were determined in 1,445 nasal lavages that were prospectively collected from 209 infants participating in a birth cohort who had at least one HRV infection. Questionnaires were used during each illness to identify moderate to severe illnesses (MSI). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN
resultsAltogether, 670 HRV infections were identified, and 519 of them were solitary infections (only one HRV type). These 519 viruses belonged to 93 different types of three species: 49 A, 9 B, and 35 C types. HRV-A (odds ratio, 8.2) and HRV-C (odds ratio, 7.6) were more likely to cause MSI compared with HRV-B. In addition, HRV infections were 5- to 10-fold more likely to cause MSI in the winter months (P < 0.0001) compared with summer, in contrast to peak seasonal prevalence in spring and fall. When significant differences in host susceptibility to MSI (P = 0.004) were considered, strain-specific rates of HRV MSI ranged from less than 1% to more than 20%.
conclusionsFactors related to HRV species and type, season, and host susceptibility determine the risk of more severe HRV illness in infancy. These findings suggest that anti-HRV strategies should focus on HRV-A and -C species and identify the need for additional studies to determine mechanisms for seasonal increases of HRV severity, independent of viral prevalence, in cold weather months.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.