ArticleEnvironmental health perspectives2012
Air pollution exposure and markers of placental growth and function: the generation R study.
Article in Environmental health perspectives, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 199 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between long-term and short-term exposure to outdoor air pollution and stillbirth: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Pooled it
- Small extracellular vesicles: connecting early life exposure outcomes to air pollution during pregnancy to early childhood health.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2025Pooled it
- Do prenatal factors shape the risk for dementia?: A systematic review of the epidemiological evidence for the prenatal origins of dementia.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025Pooled it
- Household polluting cooking fuels and adverse birth outcomes: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Ambient and household PM2.5 pollution and adverse perinatal outcomes: A meta-regression and analysis of attributable global burden for 204 countries and territories.PLoS medicine · 2021Pooled it
- The impact of particulate matter 2.5 on the risk of preeclampsia: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2020Pooled it
- Association of Air Pollution and Heat Exposure With Preterm Birth, Low Birth Weight, and Stillbirth in the US: A Systematic Review.JAMA network open · 2020Pooled it
- Household air pollution exposures over pregnancy and maternal blood pressure trajectories through 8 years postpartum: Evidence from the Ghana Randomized Air Pollution and Health Study (GRAPHS).Environmental research · 2026Trial
- Breathing in harm: current insights into the effects of air pollution on cardiorespiratory health.Medical gas research · 2027Review
- Effect of individual and combined ambient air pollutants exposure on the risk of preeclampsia: a retrospective cohort study in Tangshan, China.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Exploring Effects of Household Air Pollution on Pregnant Mothers and Their Offspring in Africa: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Birth Weight: The Roles of Noise, Placental Function, Green Space, Physical Activity, and Socioeconomic Status (FRONTIER).Research report (Health Effects Institute) · 2026Article
- Prenatal air pollution exposure and placental vasculature development among participants of the UPSIDE cohort study.Environmental research · 2025Article
- Placental Vascular Resistance and Offspring Growth From Birth to Age 2 Years.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Association of Ambient Air Pollution and Temperature Exposure with Placental Abruption: A Nested Case-Control Study Based on Live Birth Registrations.Environmental health perspectives · 2025Article
- Article
- Ambient Air Pollution and Congenital Heart Disease: Updated Evidence and Future Challenges.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Poor housing quality and the health of newborns and young children.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Ambient air pollution and rate of spontaneous abortion.Environmental research · 2024Article
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAir pollution exposure during pregnancy might affect placental growth and function, perhaps leading to pregnancy complications.
objectiveWe prospectively evaluated the associations of maternal air pollution exposure with markers of placental growth and function among 7,801 pregnant women in the Netherlands.
methodsWe estimated levels of particulate matter ≤ 10 µm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at the home address for different periods during pregnancy using dispersion modeling techniques. Pro- and anti-angiogenic factors [placental growth factor (PlGF) and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1), respectively] were measured in first- and second-trimester maternal blood and in fetal cord blood samples at delivery. Pulsatility index of the uterine and umbilical arteries was measured by Doppler ultrasound in second and third trimester, and notching was assessed in third trimester. Placenta weight and birth weight were obtained from medical records.
resultsHigher PM10 and NO2 exposure levels were associated with lower second-trimester maternal sFlt-1 and PlGF levels. PM10 and NO2 exposures averaged over total pregnancy were associated with higher sFlt-1 and lower PlGF levels in fetal cord blood, consistent with an anti-angiogenic state. PM10 and NO2 exposures were not consistently associated with second- or third-trimester placental resistance indices. NO2 exposure was associated with third-trimester notching (odds ratio 1.33; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.78 per 10-µg/m3 increase in the prior 2 months). PM10 and NO2 exposures were associated with lower placenta weight (-11.8 g; 95% CI: -20.9, -2.7, and -10.7 g; 95% CI: -19.0, -2.4, respectively, per 10-µg/m3 increase in the prior 2 months), but not with placenta to birth weight ratio.
conclusionsOur results suggest that maternal air pollution exposure may influence markers of placental growth and function. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings and explore the maternal and fetal consequences.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.