ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2012
Expansion of HIV-specific T follicular helper cells in chronic HIV infection.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 287 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
287 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 411 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Hitchhiker Guide to CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Upregulation of CCR4 in activated CD8European journal of immunology · 2021Trial
- Rapid HIV Progression Is Associated with Extensive Ongoing Somatic Hypermutation.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Trial
- X4-Tropic Latent HIV-1 Is Enriched in Peripheral Follicular Helper T Cells and Is Correlated with Disease Progression.Journal of virology · 2020Trial
- High-Frequency, Functional HIV-Specific T-Follicular Helper and Regulatory Cells Are Present Within Germinal Centers in Children but Not Adults.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Trial
- Longitudinal dynamics of the HIV-specific B cell response during intermittent treatment of primary HIV infection.PloS one · 2017Trial
- A favorable follicular helper CD4+ T cell programming characterizes neutralization activity in chronic HIV infection.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Temporal shifts in adaptive immunity drive HIV-associated cryptococcal IRIS: mechanisms, models, and therapeutic opportunities.NeuroImmune pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Article
- Protein-dependent CD4iScience · 2026Article
- Antiretroviral therapy interferes with pseudovirus neutralization assays while Gag-specific T-cells influence mRNA vaccine outcomes in HIV patients.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Cell-free RNA reveals host and microbial correlates of broadly neutralizing antibody development against HIV.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Significant decreased CXCR3Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- HIV reservoirs in lymphomagenesis: hidden driver in the era of viral suppression?Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025Review
- Dynamic changes in immune cell subsets in blood and lymph node over the course of acute HIV infection.Journal of virus eradication · 2025Article
- Activation of CXCR3Journal of virology · 2025Article
- SIV-specific neutralizing antibody induction following selection of a PI3K drive-attenuatedeLife · 2025Article
- Article
- Immunomodulatory biomaterials in HIV-1 infection prevention, control and treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The Impact of HIV on B Cell Compartment and Its Implications for COVID-19 Vaccinations in People with HIV.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Melanoma in people living with HIV: Immune landscape dynamics and the role of immuno- and antiviral therapies.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2024Review
227 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
HIV targets CD4 T cells, which are required for the induction of high-affinity antibody responses and the formation of long-lived B cell memory. The depletion of antigen-specific CD4 T cells during HIV infection is therefore believed to impede the development of protective B cell immunity. Although several different HIV-related B cell dysfunctions have been described, the role of CD4 T follicular helper (TFH) cells in HIV infection remains unknown. Here, we assessed HIV-specific TFH responses in the lymph nodes of treatment-naive and antiretroviral-treated HIV-infected individuals. Strikingly, both the bulk TFH and HIV-specific TFH cell populations were significantly expanded in chronic HIV infection and were highly associated with viremia. In particular, GAG-specific TFH cells were detected at significantly higher levels in the lymph nodes compared with those of GP120-specific TFH cells and showed preferential secretion of the helper cytokine IL-21. In addition, TFH cell expansion was associated with an increase of germinal center B cells and plasma cells as well as IgG1 hypersecretion. Thus, our study suggests that high levels of HIV viremia drive the expansion of TFH cells, which in turn leads to perturbations of B cell differentiation, resulting in dysregulated antibody production.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.