ReviewFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2012
Staphylococcal superantigens in colonization and disease.
Review in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 181 citations in OpenAlex.
- High Titer Persistent Neutralizing Antibodies Induced by TSST-1 Variant Vaccine Against Toxic Shock Cytokine Storm.Toxins · 2020Trial
- Antibacterial Immunotherapy: Mechanistic Insights, Emerging Therapeutic Strategies, and Clinical Translation.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- Potential mechanisms linking bacterial factors to the development and progression of multiple sclerosis.Infectious medicine · 2025Review
- Preliminary assessment of the therapeutic potential of staphylococcal enterotoxin-like W via biological activity and TCR binding sites analysis.Virulence · 2025Article
- Article
- Proinflammatory synergy between protease and superantigen streptococcal pyogenic exotoxins.Infection and immunity · 2025Article
- T cell related osteoimmunology in fracture healing: Potential targets for augmenting bone regeneration.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2025Review
- Interferon-gamma receptor signaling regulates innate immunity during Staphylococcus aureus craniotomy infection.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Regulatory T cells and their role in allergic disease.Allergy · 2025Review
- Circumventing the Impossible: Cell-Free Synthesis of Protein Toxins for Medical and Diagnostic Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Single-cell profiling reveals a conserved role for hypoxia-inducible factor signaling during human craniotomy infection.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Article
- Staphylococcal Enterotoxins: Description and Importance in Food.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Tofacitinib Treatment Suppresses CD4+ T-Cell Activation and Th1 Response, Contributing to Protection against Staphylococcal Toxic Shock.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Association between specific IgE to staphylococcal enterotoxin B and the eosinophilic phenotype of asthma.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2024Article
- Novel insights into the immune response to bacterial T cell superantigens.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2024Review
- LinkingAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
- Blocking Superantigen-Mediated Diseases: Challenges and Future Trends.Journal of immunology research · 2024Review
- Detection of Staphylococcal Enterotoxins A and E and Methicillin Resistance inInternational journal of food science · 2024Article
- Demographic fluctuations in bloodstreamnpj antimicrobials and resistance · 2024Article
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Superantigens (SAgs) are a family of potent immunostimulatory exotoxins known to be produced by only a few bacterial pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus. More than 20 distinct SAgs have been characterized from different S. aureus strains and at least 80% of clinical strains harbor at least one SAg gene, although most strains encode many. SAgs have been classically associated with food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome (TSS), for which these toxins are the causative agent. TSS is a potentially fatal disease whereby SAg-mediated activation of T cells results in overproduction of cytokines and results in systemic inflammation and shock. Numerous studies have also shown a possible role for SAgs in other diseases such as Kawasaki disease (KD), atopic dermatitis (AD), and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). There is also now a rich understanding of the mechanisms of action of SAgs, as well as their structures and function. However, we have yet to discover what purpose SAgs play in the life cycle of S. aureus, and why such a wide array of these toxins exists. This review will focus on recent developments within the SAg field in terms of the molecular biology of these toxins and their role in both colonization and disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.