ArticleOphthalmology2012
Corneal epithelial thickness mapping by Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography in normal and keratoconic eyes.
Article in Ophthalmology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 158 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography Study of Cornea and Tear Film Parameters in Systemic Lupus Erythematous Patients
Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography of Cornea in Patients With Child Onset Systemic Lupus
Who cites it
158 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 371 citations in OpenAlex.
- Corneal collagen cross-linking for treating keratoconus.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Short-term OCT-based evaluation of corneal epithelial remodeling with two silicone hydrogel bandage contact lenses after t-PRK.International ophthalmology · 2026Trial
- A comparison of conventional and accelerated corneal crosslinking: corneal epithelial remodeling and in vivo confocal microscopy analysis.International ophthalmology · 2024Trial
- Ultrahigh-resolution anterior segment optical coherence tomography for analysis of corneal microarchitecture during wound healing.Acta ophthalmologica · 2019Trial
- Value of corneal epithelial and Bowman's layer vertical thickness profiles generated by UHR-OCT for sub-clinical keratoconus diagnosis.Scientific reports · 2016Trial
- Establishing a precision reference benchmark for corneal epithelial aberration measurements using a new hybrid device across keratoconus stages.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2026Article
- From Morphology to Biomarkers: Optical Coherence Tomography in Corneal Disease.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Changes in corneal epithelial remodeling and associated factors in highly myopic patients after FS-LASIK.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Deep learning approach for analyzing regional scheimpflug corneal images to assess keratoconus progression.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Unsupervised phenotyping of suspect keratoconus based on posterior tomography and epithelial remodeling.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Corneal epithelial mapping after accelerated corneal cross-linking: early remodeling patterns.International ophthalmology · 2026Article
- The Lid Wiper Effect on Corneal Epithelial Thickness Pattern in Healthy Eyes as Characterized by Zernike Analysis.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Within-cohort associations between corneal epithelial remodeling and anterior corneal higher-order aberrations after FS-LASIK and KLEx (SMILE): a two-cohort descriptive study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The role of corneal epithelial thickness parameters with different degrees of keratoconus in the diagnosis of keratoconus.Molecular vision · 2026Article
- Discrepancy Between Preoperative and Intraoperative Central Corneal Epithelial Thickness During Alcohol-Assisted PRK.Journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Corneal epithelial thickness in pseudoexfoliation syndrome: an anterior segment optical coherence tomography study.International ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Article
- Keratoconus diagnosis based on macro-micro corneal characteristics via optical coherence tomography.Biomedical optics express · 2025Article
- Improving the diagnostic efficiency of forme fruste keratoconus by a new combined model with Fourier parameters and corneal epithelial aberrations.Eye (London, England) · 2025Article
- Corneal epithelial aberrations: a novel diagnostic tool for keratoconus and forme fruste keratoconus.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2025Article
98 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo map the corneal epithelial thickness with Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to develop epithelial thickness-based variables for keratoconus detection.
designCross-sectional observational study.
participantsOne hundred forty-five eyes from 76 normal subjects and 35 keratoconic eyes from 22 patients.
methodsA 26,000-Hz Fourier-domain OCT system with 5-μm axial resolution was used. The cornea was imaged with a Pachymetry + Cpwr scan pattern (6-mm scan diameter, 8 radials, 1024 axial-scans each, repeated 5 times) centered on the pupil. Three scans were obtained at a single visit in a prospective study. A computer algorithm was developed to map the corneal epithelial thickness automatically. Zonal epithelial thicknesses and 5 diagnostic variables, including minimum, superior-inferior (S-I), minimum-maximum (MIN-MAX), map standard deviation (MSD), and pattern standard deviation (PSD), were calculated. Repeatability of the measurements was assessed by the pooled standard deviation. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate diagnostic accuracy.
main outcome measuresDescriptive statistics, repeatability, and AUC of the zonal epithelial thickness and diagnostic variables.
resultsThe central, superior, and inferior epithelial thickness averages were 52.3 ± 3.6 μm, 49.6 ± 3.5 μm, and 51.2 ± 3.4 μm in normal eyes and 51.9 ± 5.3 μm, 51.2 ± 4.2 μm, and 49.1 ± 4.3 μm in keratoconic eyes. Compared with normal eyes, keratoconic eyes had significantly lower inferior (P = 0.03) and minimum (P<0.0001) corneal epithelial thickness, greater S-I (P = 0.013), more negative MIN-MAX (P<0.0001), greater MSD (P<0.0001), and larger PSD (P<0.0001). The repeatability of the zonal average, minimum, S-I, and MIN-MAX epithelial thickness variables were between 0.7 and 1.9 μm. The repeatability of MSD was better than 0.4 μm. The repeatability of PSD was 0.02 or better. Among all epithelial thickness-based variables investigated, PSD provided the best diagnostic power (AUC = 1.00). Using an PSD cutoff value of 0.057 alone gave 100% specificity and 100% sensitivity.
conclusionsHigh-resolution Fourier-domain OCT mapped corneal epithelial thickness with good repeatability in both normal and keratoconic eyes. Keratoconus was characterized by apical epithelial thinning. The resulting deviation from the normal epithelial pattern could be detected with very high accuracy using the PSD variable. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.