ArticlePediatric diabetes2013
HLA-associated phenotypes in youth with autoimmune diabetes.
Article in Pediatric diabetes, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical Features and HLA Genetics Differ in Children at Type 1 Diabetes Onset by Hispanic Ethnicity.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Observational
- The Effect of Ethnicity in the Rate of Beta-Cell Functional Loss in the First 3 Years After Type 1 Diabetes Diagnosis.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2020Article
- Caucasian and Asian difference in role of type 1 diabetes on large-for-gestational-age neonates.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2020Article
- Ethnic differences in progression of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes in relatives at risk.Diabetologia · 2018Article
- Clinical and research uses of genetic risk scores in type 1 diabetes.Current opinion in genetics & development · 2018Review
- Genetics of type 1 diabetes.Pediatric diabetes · 2018Review
- Observational
- Genetic Risk Scores for Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Diagnosis.Current diabetes reports · 2017Review
- Genetics and its potential to improve type 1 diabetes care.Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity · 2017Review
- Article
- The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study: rationale, findings, and future directions.Diabetes care · 2014Review
- Genetics: new HLA variants could predict T1DM risk in African Americans.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo examine human leukocyte antigen HLA DRB1-DQB1 haplotypes within a multi-ethnic cohort and assess their association with characteristics of diabetes onset.
methodsThe sample included 1662 participants from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study who tested positive for GADA and/or IA-2A autoantibodies. Blood drawn at the study visit was used to measure fasting C-peptide (FCP) and genotype HLA DRB1 and DQB1 loci. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at diagnosis was determined from medical records. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models stratified by race/ethnicity were used to assess associations with DRB1-DQB1 haplotypes.
resultsThe frequency of DRB1*03 susceptibility haplotypes ranged 27.5-28.9% in all racial/ethnic groups. The frequency of susceptibility DRB1*04-DQB1*0302 was higher in non-Hispanic White (NHW; 34.1%) and Hispanic (38.9%) compared to non-Hispanic Black (NHB; 20.8%) youth. Neutral and protective haplotypes were low frequency in all groups. DBR1*03 haplotypes were associated with younger age at diagnosis in NHW and positivity for multiple autoantibodies in Hispanics. DRB1*04-DQB1*0302 haplotypes were associated with multiple autoantibody positivity in NHW and Hispanics, and lower FCP and higher odds of DKA in Hispanics only. Although protective DRB1*04-DQB1*0301 haplotypes were associated with older age at diagnosis in NHW, they were also associated with multiple autoantibody positivity in these youth. Protective DRB1*13 haplotypes were associated with decreased odds of multiple autoantibody positivity in NHB youth.
conclusionsThe distribution of DRB1-DQB1 haplotypes and their association with onset-related characteristics of autoimmune diabetes varies across major racial/ethnic groups in the USA. This may contribute to variation in clinical presentation of autoimmune diabetes by race/ethnicity.
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