ArticleFrontiers in oncology2012
CpG plus radiotherapy: a review of preclinical works leading to clinical trial.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Application potential of toll-like receptors in cancer immunotherapy: Systematic review.Medicine · 2016Pooled it
- Intratumoral delivery of brachytherapy and immunotherapy by a thermally triggered polypeptide depot.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2022Article
- Granzyme B PET Imaging in Response to In Situ Vaccine Therapy Combined with αPD1 in a Murine Colon Cancer Model.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Dendritic Cell Maturation Defines Immunological Responsiveness of Tumors to Radiation Therapy.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Article
- Modulating Immune Response with Nucleic Acid Nanoparticles.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Nanoparticle-Mediated Immunogenic Cell Death Enables and Potentiates Cancer Immunotherapy.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2019Review
- CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide Inhibits Cockroach-Induced Asthma via Induction of IFN-γ⁺ Th1 Cells or Foxp3⁺ Regulatory T Cells in the Lung.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2016Article
- Radiotherapy Combined with Novel STING-Targeting Oligonucleotides Results in Regression of Established Tumors.Cancer research · 2016Article
- Toll-like Receptors in the Vascular System: Sensing the Dangers Within.Pharmacological reviews · 2016Review
- Mutations of the human interferon alpha-2b (hIFNα-2b) gene in cancer patients receiving radiotherapy.American journal of cancer research · 2015Article
- Combinatorial photothermal and immuno cancer therapy using chitosan-coated hollow copper sulfide nanoparticles.ACS nano · 2014Article
- Routes of delivery for CpG and anti-CD137 for the treatment of orthotopic kidney tumors in mice.PloS one · 2014Article
- Radiotherapy effects on anti-tumor immunity: implications for cancer treatment.Frontiers in oncology · 2013Article
- Reevaluating the concept of treating experimental tumors with a mixed bacterial vaccine: Coley's Toxin.Clinical & developmental immunology · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Studies performed three decades ago in our laboratory supported the hypothesis that radiation efficacy may be augmented by bacterial extracts that stimulate non-specific systemic antitumor immune responses. Application to the clinic was halted by unacceptable side effects and toxicities resulting from exposure to whole bacterial pathogens. Later scientific advances demonstrated that DNA isolated from bacteria was immunostimulatory and could be reproduced with synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs), thus fueling the transition from bugs to drugs. Unmethylated CpG motifs within bacterial DNA induce activation of Toll-like receptor 9 and subsequently activate antigen-specific cellular immune responses. CpG ODNs have demonstrated favorable toxicity profiles in phase I clinical trials. We showed that this potent immunoadjuvant can be used in combination with radiation therapy to enhance local and systemic responses of several murine tumors. Studies demonstrated that enhanced tumor response is mediated in part by the host immune system. Antitumor efficacy was diminished in immunocompromised mice. Animals cured by combination of radiation and CpG ODN were resistant to subsequent tumor rechallenge. This body of work contributes to our understanding of the dynamic interplay between tumor irradiation and the host immune system and may facilitate translation to clinical trials.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.