ArticlePLoS genetics2012
Rescuing Alu: recovery of new inserts shows LINE-1 preserves Alu activity through A-tail expansion.
Article in PLoS genetics, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Family C of Short Interspersed Elements in the Genomes of Lagomorphs: Structure, Evolution, Transcription and Transcript Polyadenylation.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Chromatin unfolding via loops can drive clustered transposon insertion.Biophysical journal · 2025Article
- Identification of a minimal Alu domain required for retrotransposition.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Analysis of RNA Transcribed by RNA Polymerase III from B2 SINEs in Mouse Cells.Non-coding RNA · 2025Article
- Variable patterns of retrotransposition in different HeLa strains provide mechanistic insights into SINE RNA mobilization processes.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- Ere, a Family of Short Interspersed Elements in the Genomes of Odd-Toed Ungulates (Perissodactyla).Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Transposable elements in mammalian chromatin organization.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2023Review
- Epigenetic and chromosomal features drive transposon insertion in Drosophila melanogaster.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- Tail Wags Dog's SINE: Retropositional Mechanisms of Can SINE Depend on Its A-Tail Structure.Biology · 2022Article
- Identification of nucleotide sequences and some proteins involved in polyadenylation of RNA transcribed by Pol III from SINEs.RNA biology · 2021Article
- Analysis of SINE Families B2, Dip, and Ves with Special Reference to Polyadenylation Signals and Transcription Terminators.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Human L1 Transposition Dynamics Unraveled with Functional Data Analysis.Molecular biology and evolution · 2020Article
- Genomic Repeats Categorize Genes with Distinct Functions for Orchestrated Regulation.Cell reports · 2020Article
- Mouse germ line mutations due to retrotransposon insertions.Mobile DNA · 2019Review
- Article
- Coevolution between transposable elements and recombination.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2017Review
- Integration site selection by retroviruses and transposable elements in eukaryotes.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2017Review
- Conserved 3' UTR stem-loop structure in L1 and Alu transposons in human genome: possible role in retrotransposition.BMC genomics · 2016Article
- Friend or Foe: Epigenetic Regulation of Retrotransposons in Mammalian Oogenesis and Early Development.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2016Review
- Integration and Fixation Preferences of Human and Mouse Endogenous Retroviruses Uncovered with Functional Data Analysis.PLoS computational biology · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Alu elements are trans-mobilized by the autonomous non-LTR retroelement, LINE-1 (L1). Alu-induced insertion mutagenesis contributes to about 0.1% human genetic disease and is responsible for the majority of the documented instances of human retroelement insertion-induced disease. Here we introduce a SINE recovery method that provides a complementary approach for comprehensive analysis of the impact and biological mechanisms of Alu retrotransposition. Using this approach, we recovered 226 de novo tagged Alu inserts in HeLa cells. Our analysis reveals that in human cells marked Alu inserts driven by either exogenously supplied full length L1 or ORF2 protein are indistinguishable. Four percent of de novo Alu inserts were associated with genomic deletions and rearrangements and lacked the hallmarks of retrotransposition. In contrast to L1 inserts, 5' truncations of Alu inserts are rare, as most of the recovered inserts (96.5%) are full length. De novo Alus show a random pattern of insertion across chromosomes, but further characterization revealed an Alu insertion bias exists favoring insertion near other SINEs, highly conserved elements, with almost 60% landing within genes. De novo Alu inserts show no evidence of RNA editing. Priming for reverse transcription rarely occurred within the first 20 bp (most 5') of the A-tail. The A-tails of recovered inserts show significant expansion, with many at least doubling in length. Sequence manipulation of the construct led to the demonstration that the A-tail expansion likely occurs during insertion due to slippage by the L1 ORF2 protein. We postulate that the A-tail expansion directly impacts Alu evolution by reintroducing new active source elements to counteract the natural loss of active Alus and minimizing Alu extinction.
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