ArticleMuscle & nerve2012
Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor treatment of a patient in myasthenic crisis: effects on regulatory T cells.
Article in Muscle & nerve, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals cell immune status and dysregulated monocytes in patients with myasthenia gravis.Clinical & translational immunology · 2025Article
- Defective autophagy and autophagy activators in myasthenia gravis: a rare entity and unusual scenario.Autophagy · 2024Review
- The innate immune system stimulating cytokine GM-CSF improves learning/memory and interneuron and astrocyte brain pathology in Dp16 Down syndrome mice and improves learning/memory in wild-type mice.Neurobiology of disease · 2022Article
- T cells, α-synuclein and Parkinson disease.Handbook of clinical neurology · 2022Review
- Ex vivo expansion of dysfunctional regulatory T lymphocytes restores suppressive function in Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2021Article
- Effects of Mitophagy on Regulatory T Cell Function in Patients With Myasthenia Gravis.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Article
- Autoimmunity in Parkinson's Disease: The Role of α-Synuclein-Specific T Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Roles of GM-CSF in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Diseases: An Update.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Advances in autoimmune myasthenia gravis management.Expert review of neurotherapeutics · 2018Review
- Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor neuroprotective activities in Alzheimer's disease mice.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2018Article
- Silibinin alleviates inflammation and induces apoptosis in human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes and has a therapeutic effect on arthritis in rats.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Collagen V oral administration decreases inflammation and remodeling of synovial membrane in experimental arthritis.PloS one · 2018Article
- Inhibition of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by tolerance-promoting DNA vaccination focused to dendritic cells.PloS one · 2018Article
- Euglena gracilis Z and its carbohydrate storage substance relieve arthritis symptoms by modulating Th17 immunity.PloS one · 2018Article
- A GMCSF-Neuroantigen Tolerogenic Vaccine Elicits Systemic Lymphocytosis of CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids restore Th17 and Treg balance in collagen antibody-induced arthritis.PloS one · 2018Article
- Mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate experimental arthritis via expression of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist.PloS one · 2018Article
- The Trojan horse - neuroinflammatory impact of T cells in neurodegenerative diseases.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2017Review
- Dextromethorphan Exhibits Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Effects in a Murine Model of Collagen-Induced Arthritis and in Human Rheumatoid Arthritis.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Microglial phenotypes in Parkinson's disease and animal models of the disease.Progress in neurobiology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionIn this study we describe a patient with a prolonged myasthenic crisis refractory to conventional immunomodulatory therapy who was treated with GM-CSF (granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, sargramostim).
methodsT-regulatory cell (Treg) suppressive function and Foxp3 expression were evaluated before and after treatment with GM-CSF.
resultsTreatment with GM-CSF was associated with clinical improvement, expansion in the circulating numbers of Foxp3(+) cells, increase in Foxp3 expression levels in Tregs, early improvement in Treg suppressive capacity for AChR-α-induced T-cell proliferation, and subsequent enhancement in Treg suppression of polyclonal T-cell proliferation.
conclusionAlthough definitive conclusions cannot be drawn from a single case, the correlation with similar findings in GM-CSF-treated animals with experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis suggests further exploration of the effects of GM-CSF in myasthenia gravis should be studied in a clinical trial setting.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.