ArticlePloS one2012
n-Butyl benzyl phthalate promotes breast cancer progression by inducing expression of lymphoid enhancer factor 1.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Computer-Aided Molecular Design Meets Network Toxicology and Molecular Docking: A Joint Strategy to Explore Common Molecular Mechanisms of Phthalates on Human Breast Cancer and Structure-Activity Relationship.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- NCAPG promotes the malignant progression of endometrioid cancer through LEF1/SEMA7A/PI3K-AKT.Journal of Cancer · 2025Article
- Endocrine-disrupting compounds and metabolomic reprogramming in breast cancer.Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology · 2023Review
- Composting and green technologies for remediation of phthalate (PAE)-contaminated soil: Current status and future perspectives.Chemosphere · 2022Review
- Association of Serum Levels of Plasticizers Compounds, Phthalates and Bisphenols, in Patients and Survivors of Breast Cancer: A Real Connection?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Associations of hair dye and relaxer use with breast tumor clinicopathologic features: Findings from the Women's circle of Health Study.Environmental research · 2022Article
- Urinary phthalate exposures and risk of breast cancer: the Multiethnic Cohort study.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2021Article
- Phthalate Exposure and Breast Cancer Incidence: A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2019Article
- Effects of phthalates on normal human breast cells co-cultured with different fibroblasts.PloS one · 2018Article
- Effects of bisphenol compounds on the growth and epithelial mesenchymal transition of MCF-7 CV human breast cancer cells.Journal of biomedical research · 2017Article
- Wnt signaling pathway protein LEF1 in cancer, as a biomarker for prognosis and a target for treatment.American journal of cancer research · 2017Review
- A review of hair product use on breast cancer risk in African American women.Cancer medicine · 2016Review
- Didymin reverses phthalate ester-associated breast cancer aggravation in the breast cancer tumor microenvironment.Oncology letters · 2016Article
- A novel cell-penetrating peptide suppresses breast tumorigenesis by inhibiting β-catenin/LEF-1 signaling.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Association of Urinary Phthalates with Self-Reported Eye Affliction/Retinopathy in Individuals with Diabetes: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001-2010.Journal of diabetes research · 2016Article
- Environmental immune disruptors, inflammation and cancer risk.Carcinogenesis · 2015Review
- The impact of low-dose carcinogens and environmental disruptors on tissue invasion and metastasis.Carcinogenesis · 2015Review
- HDAC inhibitors target HDAC5, upregulate microRNA-125a-5p, and induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2015Article
- Endocrine-disrupting Chemicals: Review of Toxicological Mechanisms Using Molecular Pathway Analysis.Journal of cancer prevention · 2015Review
- miR-125a-5p is a prognostic biomarker that targets HDAC4 to suppress breast tumorigenesis.Oncotarget · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Environmental hormones play important roles in regulating the expression of genes involved in cell proliferation, drug resistance, and breast cancer risk; however, their precise role in human breast cancer cells during cancer progression remains unclear. To elucidate the effect of the most widely used industrial phthalate, n-butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), on cancer progression, we evaluated the results of BBP treatment using a whole human genome cDNA microarray and MetaCore software and selected candidate genes whose expression was changed by more than ten-fold by BBP compared with controls to analyze the signaling pathways in human breast cancer initiating cells (R2d). A total of 473 genes were upregulated, and 468 were downregulated. Most of these genes are involved in proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis signaling. BBP induced the viability, invasion and migration, and tube formation in vitro, and Matrigel plug angiogenesis in vivo of R2d and MCF-7. Furthermore, the viability and invasion and migration of these cell lines following BBP treatment was reduced by transfection with a small interfering RNA targeting the mRNA for lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1; notably, the altered expression of this gene consistently differentiated tumors expressing genes involved in proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis. These findings contribute to our understanding of the molecular impact of the environmental hormone BBP and suggest possible strategies for preventing and treating human breast cancer.
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