ArticleJournal of molecular evolution2012
Avian coronavirus spike glycoprotein ectodomain shows a low codon adaptation to Gallus gallus with virus-exclusive codons in strategic amino acids positions.
Article in Journal of molecular evolution, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigations on genomic, topological and structural properties of diguanylate cyclases involved inCurrent research in structural biology · 2025Article
- Effect of genome composition and codon bias on infectious bronchitis virus evolution and adaptation to target tissues.BMC genomics · 2021Article
- Evolution of Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus (TGEV): A Codon Usage Perspective.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Genome-wide analysis of codon usage bias in Bovine Coronavirus.Virology journal · 2017Article
- The evolution of codon usage in structural and non-structural viral genes: the case of Avian coronavirus and its natural host Gallus gallus.Virus research · 2013Article
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This is a study on the Avian coronavirus IBV and chicken host-relationship from the codon usage point of view based on fifty-nine non-redundant IBV S1 sequences (nt 1-507) from strains detected worldwide and chicken tissue-specific protein genes sequences from IBV-replicating sites. The effective number of codons (ENC) values ranged from 36 to 47.8, indicating a high-to-moderate codon usage bias. The highest IBV codon adaptation index (CAI) value was 0.7, indicating a distant virus versus host synonymous codons usage. The ENC × GC3 % curve indicates that both mutational pressure and natural selection are the driving forces on codon usage pattern in S1. The low CAI values agree with a low S protein expression and considering that S protein is a determinant for attachment and neutralization, this could be a further mechanism besides mRNA transcription attenuation for a low expression of this protein leading to an immune camouflage.
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