ArticleNature genetics2012
A mixed-model approach for genome-wide association studies of correlated traits in structured populations.
Article in Nature genetics, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 234 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
234 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Multilevel factors influencing colorectal cancer screening adherence: A systematic literature review.PloS one · 2026Pooled it
- Comparison of two multi-trait association testing methods and sequence-based fine mapping of six additive QTL in Swiss Large White pigs.BMC genomics · 2023Pooled it
- Multitrait genome association analysis identifies new susceptibility genes for human anthropometric variation in the GCAT cohort.Journal of medical genetics · 2018Pooled it
- Reproduction and In-Depth Evaluation of Genome-Wide Association Studies and Genome-Wide Meta-analyses Using Summary Statistics.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2017Pooled it
- Review
- Discovering common and population-specific QTLs for leaf rust resistance in different Barley populations.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2026Article
- Genetic dissection of grain yield and correlated proxy traits under suboptimal conditions.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2026Article
- An expectation and maximization algorithm for multivariate genome-wide association studies (EMmvGWAS).Genetics · 2026Article
- Exploring the use of machine and deep learning in genome-wide association studies: a comprehensive review.BioData mining · 2026Review
- Research on multi-trait genome association study method based on Shannon information entropy.BMC bioinformatics · 2026Article
- Article
- A fast method for breeding by design via G × E interactions detected in large-scale climatic, phenomic and genomic data.National science review · 2026Article
- A genome-wide association study to elucidate the genetic basis of the cottonseed protein content in Upland cotton (Breeding science · 2026Article
- Decoding Complex Traits in Goats Through Genome-Wide Association Studies: Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Inferring genotype-phenotype maps using attention models.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- Dissecting multi-rust resistance in wheat through genome-wide association study, haplotype analysis, and marker validation.The plant genome · 2026Article
- REECAP: Contrastive learning of retinal aging reveals genetic loci linking morphology to eye disease.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Mediated pleiotropy drives the negative correlation of total carotenoid and dry matter contents in cassava (Manihot esculenta).Genetics · 2025Article
- Next-generation translational genomics for developing future crops.Functional & integrative genomics · 2025Review
- Establishing Best Practices for Clinical GWAS: Tackling Imputation and Data Quality Challenges.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
174 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are a standard approach for studying the genetics of natural variation. A major concern in GWAS is the need to account for the complicated dependence structure of the data, both between loci as well as between individuals. Mixed models have emerged as a general and flexible approach for correcting for population structure in GWAS. Here, we extend this linear mixed-model approach to carry out GWAS of correlated phenotypes, deriving a fully parameterized multi-trait mixed model (MTMM) that considers both the within-trait and between-trait variance components simultaneously for multiple traits. We apply this to data from a human cohort for correlated blood lipid traits from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 and show greatly increased power to detect pleiotropic loci that affect more than one blood lipid trait. We also apply this approach to an Arabidopsis thaliana data set for flowering measurements in two different locations, identifying loci whose effect depends on the environment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.